Electronic message user interface

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure relates to electronic message user interfaces. A device, including a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and a rotatable input mechanism, is described in relation to accessing, composing, and manipulating electronic messages. In response to detecting the user input activating the electronic conversation object, the device displays, one or more messages in an electronic conversation corresponding to the activated electronic conversation object. While displaying the electronic conversation, user input is received. If the user input is a rotation of the rotatable input mechanism, the device displays, on the display, an affordance associated with replying to the electronic conversation.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/871,995, entitled “ELECTRONIC MESSAGE USER INTERFACE,” filed May 11,2020, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/641,308, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,649,622, entitled “ELECTRONIC MESSAGEUSER INTERFACE,” filed Mar. 7, 2015, which claims priority to U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 62/044,950, entitled “ELECTRONICMESSAGE USER INTERFACE,” filed Sep. 2, 2014, which are each herebyincorporated by reference in their entirety.

This application relates to the following applications: InternationalPatent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/040087, entitled “Device,Method, and Graphical User Interface for Moving a User Interface ObjectBased on an Intensity of a Press Input,” filed May 8, 2013;International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/040072, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Providing Feedback forChanging Activation States of a User Interface Object,” filed May 8,2013; International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/040070,entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for ProvidingTactile Feedback for Operations Performed in a User Interface,” filedMay 8, 2013; International Patent Application Serial No.PCT/US2013/040067, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical UserInterface for Facilitating User Interaction with Controls in a UserInterface,” filed May 8, 2013; International Patent Application SerialNo. PCT/US2013/040061, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical UserInterface for Displaying User Interface Objects Corresponding to anApplication,” filed May 8, 2013; International Patent Application SerialNo. PCT/US2013/040058, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical UserInterface for Displaying Additional Information in Response to a UserContact,” filed May 8, 2013; International Patent Application Serial No.PCT/US2013/040056, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical UserInterface for Scrolling Nested Regions,” filed May 8, 2013;International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/040054, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Manipulating FramedGraphical Objects,” filed May 8, 2013; International Patent ApplicationSerial No. PCT/US2013/069489, entitled “Device, Method, and GraphicalUser Interface for Switching Between User Interfaces,” filed Nov. 11,2013; International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/069486,entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for DeterminingWhether to Scroll or Select Content,” filed Nov. 11, 2013; InternationalPatent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/069484, entitled “Device,Method, and Graphical User Interface for Moving a Cursor According to aChange in an Appearance of a Control Icon with SimulatedThree-Dimensional Characteristics,” filed Nov. 11, 2013; InternationalPatent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/069483, entitled “Device,Method, and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning Between TouchInput to Display Output Relationships,” filed Nov. 11, 2013;International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/069479, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Forgoing Generation ofTactile Output for a Multi-Contact Gesture,” filed Nov. 11, 2013;International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/069472, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Navigating UserInterface Hierarchies,” filed Nov. 11, 2013; International PatentApplication Serial No. PCT/US2013/040108, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Moving and Dropping a User InterfaceObject,” filed May 8, 2013; International Patent Application Serial No.PCT/US2013/040101, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical UserInterface for Selecting User Interface Objects,” filed May 8, 2013;International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/040098, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying ContentAssociated with a Corresponding Affordance,” filed May 8, 2013;International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/040093, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning BetweenDisplay States in Response to a Gesture,” filed May 8, 2013;International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/040053, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Selecting Objectwithin a Group of Objects,” filed May 8, 2013; U.S. Patent ApplicationSer. No. 61/778,211, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical UserInterface for Facilitating User Interaction with Controls in a UserInterface,” filed Mar. 12, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No.61/778,191, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface forDisplaying User Interface Objects Corresponding to an Application,”filed Mar. 12, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,171,entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for DisplayingAdditional Information in Response to a User Contact,” filed Mar. 12,2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,179, entitled “Device,Method and Graphical User Interface for Scrolling Nested Regions,” filedMar. 12, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,156, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Manipulating FramedGraphical Objects,” filed Mar. 12, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser.No. 61/778,125, entitled “Device, Method, And Graphical User Interfacefor Navigating User Interface Hierarchies,” filed Mar. 12, 2013; U.S.Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,092, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Selecting Object Within a Group ofObjects,” filed Mar. 12, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No.61/778,418, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface forSwitching Between User Interfaces,” filed Mar. 13, 2013; U.S. PatentApplication Ser. No. 61/778,416, entitled “Device, Method, and GraphicalUser Interface for Determining Whether to Scroll or Select Content,”filed Mar. 13, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/747,278,entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for ManipulatingUser Interface Objects with Visual and/or Haptic Feedback,” filed Dec.29, 2012; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,414, entitled “Device,Method, and Graphical User Interface for Moving and Dropping a UserInterface Object,” filed Mar. 13, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No.61/778,413, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface forSelecting User Interface Objects,” filed Mar. 13, 2013; U.S. PatentApplication Ser. No. 61/778,412, entitled “Device, Method, and GraphicalUser Interface for Displaying Content Associated with a CorrespondingAffordance,” filed Mar. 13, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No.61/778,373, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface forManaging Activation of a Control Based on Contact Intensity,” filed Mar.12, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,265, entitled “Device,Method, and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning Between DisplayStates in Response to a Gesture,” filed Mar. 12, 2013; U.S. PatentApplication Ser. No. 61/778,367, entitled “Device, Method, and GraphicalUser Interface for Moving a User Interface Object Based on an Intensityof a Press Input,” filed Mar. 12, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No.61/778,363, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface forTransitioning Between Touch Input to Display Output Relationships,”filed Mar. 12, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,287,entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for ProvidingFeedback for Changing Activation States of a User Interface Object,”filed Mar. 12, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,284,entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for ProvidingTactile Feedback for Operations Performed in a User Interface,” filedMar. 12, 2013; U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/778,239, entitled“Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Forgoing Generation ofTactile Output for a Multi-Contact Gesture,” filed Mar. 12, 2013; U.S.Patent Application Ser. No. 61/688,227, entitled “Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Manipulating User Interface Objects withVisual and/or Haptic Feedback,” filed May 9, 2012; U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application Ser. No. 61/645,033, filed on May 9, 2012, entitled“Adaptive Haptic Feedback for Electronic Devices;” U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application Ser. No. 61/665,603, filed on Jun. 28, 2012, entitled“Adaptive Haptic Feedback for Electronic Devices;” and U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application Ser. No. 61/681,098, filed on Aug. 8, 2012, entitled“Adaptive Haptic Feedback for Electronic Devices.” The content of theseapplications is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to computer user interfaces,and more specifically to techniques for accessing, composing, andmanipulating messages.

BACKGROUND

The use of electronic devices for accessing, composing, and manipulatingelectronic messages (e.g., text messages, SMS, MMS, iMessages®) hassignificantly increased in recent years. Devices receive messages anddisplay the message for a user to view. The user can continue theconversation by responding to the sender. The user can also use thedevice to compose a new message to be transmitted to one or morerecipients. Traditionally, messages were limited in length to 128 bytesto accommodate prevailing wireless communications standards. Recently,standards and implementations have increased (or removed) the lengthlimitation. As a result, use of messages to communicate hassignificantly increased.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Some techniques for accessing, composing, and manipulating electronicmessages using electronic devices, however, are generally cumbersome andinefficient. For example, accessing and responding to a message requiresnavigating a complex and time-consuming user interface. For anotherexample, some user interface techniques for composing new electronicmessages can be inefficient and cumbersome. In addition, existingtechniques take longer than necessary, thereby wasting energy. Thislatter consideration is particularly important in battery-operateddevices.

Accordingly, there is a need for electronic devices with faster, moreefficient methods and interfaces for accessing, composing, andmanipulating electronic messages. Such methods and interfaces optionallycomplement or replace other methods for accessing, composing, andmanipulating electronic messages. Such methods and interfaces reduce thecognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machineinterface. For battery-operated computing devices, such methods andinterfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges.

The above deficiencies and other problems associated with userinterfaces for computing devices for accessing, composing, andmanipulating electronic messages are reduced or eliminated by thedisclosed devices. In some embodiments, the device is a desktopcomputer. In some embodiments, the device is portable (e.g., a notebookcomputer, tablet computer, or handheld device). In some embodiments, thedevice has a touchpad. In some embodiments, the device is user-wearable.In some embodiments, the device has a touch-sensitive display (alsoknown as a “touch screen” or “touch screen display”). In someembodiments, the device has a display and a touch-sensitive surface. Insome embodiments, the device has a short-range communication radio. Insome embodiments, the device has a graphical user interface (GUI), oneor more processors, memory and one or more modules, programs or sets ofinstructions stored in the memory for performing multiple functions. Insome embodiments, the user interacts with the GUI primarily throughfinger contacts and gestures on the touch-sensitive surface. Executableinstructions for performing these functions may be included in acomputer readable storage medium or other computer program productconfigured for execution by one or more processors.

In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at anelectronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and arotatable input mechanism. The method includes displaying, on thedisplay, an affordance representing an electronic message application.The method includes receiving user input representing movement of therotatable input mechanism. The method includes, in response to receivingthe user input representing the movement of the rotatable inputmechanism, displaying a landing screen of the electronic messageapplication, wherein the landing screen includes display of an inboxaffordance and a compose affordance. The method includes receiving userinput associated with the landing screen. The method includesdetermining whether the user input associated with the landing screenrepresents a touch associated with the displayed inbox affordance or atouch associated with the displayed compose affordance. The methodincludes, in response to receiving the user input associated with thelanding screen and in accordance with a determination that the userinput associated with the landing screen represents a touch associatedwith the displayed inbox affordance, displaying, on the display, a listof electronic conversation objects. The method also includes, inresponse to receiving the user input associated with the landing screenand in accordance with a determination that the user input associatedwith the landing screen represents a touch associated the displayedcompose affordance, displaying, on the display, an interface forcomposing a new electronic message.

In accordance with some embodiments, a system is described. The systemincludes: a display; a touch-sensitive surface; a rotatable inputmechanism; means for displaying, on the display, an affordancerepresenting an electronic message application; means for receiving userinput representing movement of the rotatable input mechanism; meansresponsive to receiving the user input representing the movement of therotatable input mechanism, for displaying a landing screen of theelectronic message application, wherein the landing screen includesdisplay of an inbox affordance and a compose affordance; means forreceiving user input associated with the landing screen; means fordetermining whether the user input associated with the landing screenrepresents a touch associated with the displayed inbox affordance or atouch associated with the displayed compose affordance; means responseto receiving the user input associated with the landing screen and inaccordance with a determination that the user input associated with thelanding screen represents a touch associated with the displayed inboxaffordance, for displaying, on the display, a list of electronicconversation objects; and means response to receiving the user inputassociated with the landing screen and in accordance with adetermination that the user input associated with the landing screenrepresents a touch associated the displayed compose affordance, fordisplaying, on the display, an interface for composing a new electronicmessage.

Thus, devices are provided with faster, more efficient methods andinterfaces for accessing, composing, and manipulating electronicmessages, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and usersatisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces maycomplement or replace conventional methods for accessing, composing, andmanipulating electronic messages.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

For a better understanding of the various described embodiments,reference should be made to the Description of Embodiments below, inconjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numeralsrefer to corresponding parts throughout the figures.

FIG. 1A is a block diagram illustrating a portable multifunction devicewith a touch-sensitive display in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 1B is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for eventhandling in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 2 illustrates a portable multifunction device having a touch screenin accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with adisplay and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 4A illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu ofapplications on a portable multifunction device in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 4B illustrates an exemplary user interface for a multifunctiondevice with a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the displayin accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 5A illustrates a personal electronic device in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 5B is a block diagram illustrating a personal electronic device inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 6A-6H illustrate exemplary user interfaces for accessing,composing, and manipulating electronic messages.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating an exemplary process foraccessing, composing, and manipulating electronic messages.

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating an exemplary process foraccessing, composing, and manipulating electronic messages.

FIG. 9 illustrates a functional block diagram in accordance with someembodiments.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The following description sets forth exemplary methods, parameters andthe like. It should be recognized, however, that such description is notintended as a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure but isinstead provided as a description of exemplary embodiments.

There is a need for electronic devices that provide efficient messagesaccess to a user. For example, ease of use for viewing messages andconversations, replying to messages, deleting conversations, andcomposing messages contribute to the efficiency of messages access. Suchtechniques can reduce the cognitive burden on a user who uses messages,thereby enhancing productivity. Further, such techniques can reduceprocessor and battery power otherwise wasted on redundant user inputs.

Below, FIGS. 1A-1B, 2, 3, 4A-4B, and 5A-5B provide a description ofexemplary devices for performing the techniques for accessing,composing, and manipulating messages. FIGS. 6A-6H illustrate exemplaryuser interfaces for accessing, composing, and manipulating messages. Theuser interfaces in the figures are also used to illustrate the processesdescribed below, including the processes in FIGS. 7 and 8 .

Although the following description uses terms first, second, etc. todescribe various elements, these elements should not be limited by theterms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element fromanother. For example, a first touch could be termed a second touch, and,similarly, a second touch could be termed a first touch, withoutdeparting from the scope of the various described embodiments. The firsttouch and the second touch are both touches, but they are not the sametouch.

The terminology used in the description of the various describedembodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in thedescription of the various described embodiments and the appendedclaims, the singular forms “a”, “an,” and “the” are intended to includethe plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as usedherein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations ofone or more of the associated listed items. It will be furtherunderstood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or“comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence ofstated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/orcomponents, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or moreother features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components,and/or groups thereof.

The term “if” may be construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in responseto determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context.Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated conditionor event] is detected” may be construed to mean “upon determining” or“in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition orevent]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],”depending on the context.

Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, andassociated processes for using such devices are described. In someembodiments, the device is a portable communications device, such as amobile telephone, that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/ormusic player functions. Exemplary embodiments of portable multifunctiondevices include, without limitation, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad®devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, California. Other portableelectronic devices, such as laptops or tablet computers withtouch-sensitive surfaces (e.g., touch screen displays and/or touchpads), are, optionally, used. It should also be understood that, in someembodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but isa desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch screendisplay and/or a touch pad).

In the discussion that follows, an electronic device that includes adisplay and a touch-sensitive surface is described. It should beunderstood, however, that the electronic device optionally includes oneor more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physicalkeyboard, a mouse and/or a joystick.

The device may support a variety of applications, such as one or more ofthe following: a drawing application, a presentation application, a wordprocessing application, a website creation application, a disk authoringapplication, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, atelephone application, a video conferencing application, an e-mailapplication, an instant messaging application, a workout supportapplication, a photo management application, a digital cameraapplication, a digital video camera application, a web browsingapplication, a digital music player application, and/or a digital videoplayer application.

The various applications that are executed on the device optionally useat least one common physical user-interface device, such as thetouch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitivesurface as well as corresponding information displayed on the deviceare, optionally, adjusted and/or varied from one application to the nextand/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physicalarchitecture (such as the touch-sensitive surface) of the deviceoptionally supports the variety of applications with user interfacesthat are intuitive and transparent to the user.

Attention is now directed toward embodiments of portable devices withtouch-sensitive displays. FIG. 1A is a block diagram illustratingportable multifunction device 100 with touch-sensitive display systems112 in accordance with some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display 112 issometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience, and is sometimesknown as or called a touch-sensitive display system. Device 100 includesmemory 102 (which optionally includes one or more computer readablestorage mediums), memory controller 122, one or more processing units(CPUs) 120, peripherals interface 118, RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry110, speaker 111, microphone 113, input/output (I/O) subsystem 106,other input control devices 116, and external port 124. Device 100optionally includes one or more optical sensors 164. Device 100optionally includes one or more contact intensity sensors 165 fordetecting intensity of contacts on device 100 (e.g., a touch-sensitivesurface such as touch-sensitive display system 112 of device 100).Device 100 optionally includes one or more tactile output generators 167for generating tactile outputs on device 100 (e.g., generating tactileoutputs on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive displaysystem 112 of device 100 or touchpad 355 of device 300). Thesecomponents optionally communicate over one or more communication busesor signal lines 103.

As used in the specification and claims, the term “intensity” of acontact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure(force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touchsensitive surface, or to a substitute (proxy) for the force or pressureof a contact on the touch sensitive surface. The intensity of a contacthas a range of values that includes at least four distinct values andmore typically includes hundreds of distinct values (e.g., at least256). Intensity of a contact is, optionally, determined (or measured)using various approaches and various sensors or combinations of sensors.For example, one or more force sensors underneath or adjacent to thetouch-sensitive surface are, optionally, used to measure force atvarious points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations,force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., aweighted average) to determine an estimated force of a contact.Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is, optionally, used todetermine a pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface.Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on thetouch-sensitive surface and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of thetouch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto,and/or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to thecontact and/or changes thereto are, optionally, used as a substitute forthe force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. Insome implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force orpressure are used directly to determine whether an intensity thresholdhas been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in unitscorresponding to the substitute measurements). In some implementations,the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are convertedto an estimated force or pressure and the estimated force or pressure isused to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded(e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in unitsof pressure). Using the intensity of a contact as an attribute of a userinput allows for user access to additional device functionality that mayotherwise not be accessible by the user on a reduced-size device withlimited real estate for displaying affordances (e.g., on atouch-sensitive display) and/or receiving user input (e.g., via atouch-sensitive display, a touch-sensitive surface, or aphysical/mechanical control such as a knob or a button).

As used in the specification and claims, the term “tactile output”refers to physical displacement of a device relative to a previousposition of the device, physical displacement of a component (e.g., atouch-sensitive surface) of a device relative to another component(e.g., housing) of the device, or displacement of the component relativeto a center of mass of the device that will be detected by a user withthe user's sense of touch. For example, in situations where the deviceor the component of the device is in contact with a surface of a userthat is sensitive to touch (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of auser's hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacementwill be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding toa perceived change in physical characteristics of the device or thecomponent of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitivesurface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is, optionally,interpreted by the user as a “down click” or “up click” of a physicalactuator button. In some cases, a user will feel a tactile sensationsuch as an “down click” or “up click” even when there is no movement ofa physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surfacethat is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user's movements. Asanother example, movement of the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally,interpreted or sensed by the user as “roughness” of the touch-sensitivesurface, even when there is no change in smoothness of thetouch-sensitive surface. While such interpretations of touch by a userwill be subject to the individualized sensory perceptions of the user,there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to a largemajority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described ascorresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., an “upclick,” a “down click,” “roughness”), unless otherwise stated, thegenerated tactile output corresponds to physical displacement of thedevice or a component thereof that will generate the described sensoryperception for a typical (or average) user.

It should be appreciated that device 100 is only one example of aportable multifunction device, and that device 100 optionally has moreor fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or morecomponents, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangementof the components. The various components shown in FIG. 1A areimplemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware andsoftware, including one or more signal processing and/or applicationspecific integrated circuits.

Memory 102 may include one or more computer readable storage mediums.The computer readable storage mediums may be tangible andnon-transitory. Memory 102 may include high-speed random access memoryand may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magneticdisk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatilesolid-state memory devices. Memory controller 122 may control access tomemory 102 by other components of device 100.

Peripherals interface 118 can be used to couple input and outputperipherals of the device to CPU 120 and memory 102. The one or moreprocessors 120 run or execute various software programs and/or sets ofinstructions stored in memory 102 to perform various functions fordevice 100 and to process data. In some embodiments, peripheralsinterface 118, CPU 120, and memory controller 122 may be implemented ona single chip, such as chip 104. In some other embodiments, they may beimplemented on separate chips.

RF (radio frequency) circuitry 108 receives and sends RF signals, alsocalled electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 108 converts electricalsignals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates withcommunications networks and other communications devices via theelectromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 108 optionally includes well-knowncircuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited toan antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner,one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, asubscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RFcircuitry 108 optionally communicates with networks, such as theInternet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranetand/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, awireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network(MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wirelesscommunication optionally uses any of a plurality of communicationsstandards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited toGlobal System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSMEnvironment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA),high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO),HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPDA), long term evolution (LTE), nearfield communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access(W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multipleaccess (TDMA), Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BTLE), Wireless Fidelity(Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoTP), Wi-MAX, a protocol fore-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post officeprotocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging andpresence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for InstantMessaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messagingand Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or anyother suitable communication protocol, including communication protocolsnot yet developed as of the filing date of this document.

Audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, and microphone 113 provide an audiointerface between a user and device 100. Audio circuitry 110 receivesaudio data from peripherals interface 118, converts the audio data to anelectrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker 111.Speaker 111 converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves.Audio circuitry 110 also receives electrical signals converted bymicrophone 113 from sound waves. Audio circuitry 110 converts theelectrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data toperipherals interface 118 for processing. Audio data may be retrievedfrom and/or transmitted to memory 102 and/or RF circuitry 108 byperipherals interface 118. In some embodiments, audio circuitry 110 alsoincludes a headset jack (e.g., 212, FIG. 2 ). The headset jack providesan interface between audio circuitry 110 and removable audioinput/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headsetwith both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input(e.g., a microphone).

I/O subsystem 106 couples input/output peripherals on device 100, suchas touch screen 112 and other input control devices 116, to peripheralsinterface 118. I/O subsystem 106 optionally includes display controller156, optical sensor controller 158, intensity sensor controller 159,haptic feedback controller 161 and one or more input controllers 160 forother input or control devices. The one or more input controllers 160receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices116. The other input control devices 116 optionally include physicalbuttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, sliderswitches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternateembodiments, input controller(s) 160 are, optionally, coupled to any (ornone) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, and apointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g., 208, FIG.2 ) optionally include an up/down button for volume control of speaker111 and/or microphone 113. The one or more buttons optionally include apush button (e.g., 206, FIG. 2 ).

A quick press of the push button may disengage a lock of touch screen112 or begin a process that uses gestures on the touch screen to unlockthe device, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,549,“Unlocking a Device by Performing Gestures on an Unlock Image,” filedDec. 23, 2005, U.S. Pat. No. 7,657,849, which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety. A longer press of the push button (e.g., 206)may turn power to device 100 on or off. The user may be able tocustomize a functionality of one or more of the buttons. Touch screen112 is used to implement virtual or soft buttons and one or more softkeyboards.

Touch-sensitive display 112 provides an input interface and an outputinterface between the device and a user. Display controller 156 receivesand/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen 112. Touch screen112 displays visual output to the user. The visual output may includegraphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectivelytermed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visualoutput may correspond to user-interface objects.

Touch screen 112 has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensorsthat accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact.Touch screen 112 and display controller 156 (along with any associatedmodules and/or sets of instructions in memory 102) detect contact (andany movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen 112 and convertthe detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g.,one or more soft keys, icons, web-pages or images) that are displayed ontouch screen 112. In an exemplary embodiment, a point of contact betweentouch screen 112 and the user corresponds to a finger of the user.

Touch screen 112 may use LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD(light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emittingdiode) technology, although other display technologies may be used inother embodiments. Touch screen 112 and display controller 156 maydetect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of aplurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed,including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, andsurface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensorarrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contactwith touch screen 112. In an exemplary embodiment, projected mutualcapacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in theiPhone® and iPod Touch® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, California.

A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touch screen 112 may beanalogous to the multi-touch sensitive touchpads described in thefollowing U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,846 (Westerman et al.), U.S. Pat. No.6,570,557 (Westerman et al.), and/or U.S. Pat. No. 6,677,932(Westerman), and/or U.S. Patent Publication 2002/0015024A1, each ofwhich is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. However,touch screen 112 displays visual output from device 100, whereas touchsensitive touchpads do not provide visual output.

A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touch screen 112 may beas described in the following applications: (1) U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 11/381,313, “Multipoint Touch Surface Controller,” filed May 2,2006; (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/840,862, “MultipointTouchscreen,” filed May 6, 2004; (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No.10/903,964, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jul. 30,2004; (4) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/048,264, “Gestures ForTouch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 31, 2005; (5) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/038,590, “Mode-Based Graphical User InterfacesFor Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 18, 2005; (6) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/228,758, “Virtual Input Device Placement On ATouch Screen User Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (7) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/228,700, “Operation Of A Computer With A TouchScreen Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (8) U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/228,737, “Activating Virtual Keys Of A Touch-Screen VirtualKeyboard,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; and (9) U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/367,749, “Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device,” filed Mar. 3, 2006. Allof these applications are incorporated by reference herein in theirentirety.

Touch screen 112 may have a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. Insome embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution ofapproximately 160 dpi. The user may make contact with touch screen 112using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, andso forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to workprimarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be lessprecise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of afinger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translatesthe rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position orcommand for performing the actions desired by the user.

In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device 100 mayinclude a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particularfunctions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive areaof the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visualoutput. The touchpad may be a touch-sensitive surface that is separatefrom touch screen 112 or an extension of the touch-sensitive surfaceformed by the touch screen.

Device 100 also includes power system 162 for powering the variouscomponents. Power system 162 may include a power management system, oneor more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), arecharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converteror inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode(LED)) and any other components associated with the generation,management and distribution of power in portable devices.

Device 100 may also include one or more optical sensors 164. FIG. 1Ashows an optical sensor coupled to optical sensor controller 158 in I/Osubsystem 106. Optical sensor 164 may include charge-coupled device(CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)phototransistors. Optical sensor 164 receives light from theenvironment, projected through one or more lenses, and converts thelight to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module143 (also called a camera module), optical sensor 164 may capture stillimages or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located onthe back of device 100, opposite touch screen display 112 on the frontof the device, so that the touch screen display may be used as aviewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In someembodiments, an optical sensor is located on the front of the device sothat the user's image may be obtained for videoconferencing while theuser views the other video conference participants on the touch screendisplay. In some embodiments, the position of optical sensor 164 can bechanged by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and the sensor in thedevice housing) so that a single optical sensor 164 may be used alongwith the touch screen display for both video conferencing and stilland/or video image acquisition.

Device 100 optionally also includes one or more contact intensitysensors 165. FIG. 1A shows a contact intensity sensor coupled tointensity sensor controller 159 in I/O subsystem 106. Contact intensitysensor 165 optionally includes one or more piezoresistive strain gauges,capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric forcesensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, orother intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (orpressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensitysensor 165 receives contact intensity information (e.g., pressureinformation or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment.In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is collocatedwith, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitivedisplay system 112). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensitysensor is located on the back of device 100, opposite touch screendisplay 112 which is located on the front of device 100.

Device 100 may also include one or more proximity sensors 166. FIGS. 1Aand 1B show proximity sensor 166 coupled to peripherals interface 118.Alternately, proximity sensor 166 may be coupled to input controller 160in I/O subsystem 106. Proximity sensor 166 may perform as described inU.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/241,839, “Proximity Detector InHandheld Device”; Ser. No. 11/240,788, “Proximity Detector In HandheldDevice”; Ser. No. 11/620,702, “Using Ambient Light Sensor To AugmentProximity Sensor Output”; Ser. No. 11/586,862, “Automated Response ToAnd Sensing Of User Activity In Portable Devices”; and Ser. No.11/638,251, “Methods And Systems For Automatic Configuration OfPeripherals,” which are hereby incorporated by reference in theirentirety. In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off anddisables touch screen 112 when the multifunction device is placed nearthe user's ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call).

Device 100 optionally also includes one or more tactile outputgenerators 167. FIG. 1A shows a tactile output generator coupled tohaptic feedback controller 161 in I/O subsystem 106. Tactile outputgenerator 167 optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devicessuch as speakers or other audio components and/or electromechanicaldevices that convert energy into linear motion such as a motor,solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostaticactuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., acomponent that converts electrical signals into tactile outputs on thedevice). Contact intensity sensor 165 receives tactile feedbackgeneration instructions from haptic feedback module 133 and generatestactile outputs on device 100 that are capable of being sensed by a userof device 100. In some embodiments, at least one tactile outputgenerator is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface(e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112) and, optionally, generates atactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g.,in/out of a surface of device 100) or laterally (e.g., back and forth inthe same plane as a surface of device 100). In some embodiments, atleast one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back ofdevice 100, opposite touch screen display 112 which is located on thefront of device 100.

Device 100 may also include one or more accelerometers 168. FIGS. 1A and1B show accelerometer 168 coupled to peripherals interface 118.Alternately, accelerometer 168 may be coupled to an input controller 160in I/O subsystem 106. Accelerometer 168 may perform as described in U.S.Patent Publication No. 20050190059, “Acceleration-based Theft DetectionSystem for Portable Electronic Devices,” and U.S. Patent Publication No.20060017692, “Methods And Apparatuses For Operating A Portable DeviceBased On An Accelerometer,” both of which are incorporated by referenceherein in their entirety. In some embodiments, information is displayedon the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view basedon an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers.Device 100 optionally includes, in addition to accelerometer(s) 168, amagnetometer (not shown) and a GPS (or GLONASS or other globalnavigation system) receiver (not shown) for obtaining informationconcerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) ofdevice 100.

In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory 102include operating system 126, communication module (or set ofinstructions) 128, contact/motion module (or set of instructions) 130,graphics module (or set of instructions) 132, text input module (or setof instructions) 134, Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set ofinstructions) 135, and applications (or sets of instructions) 136.Furthermore, in some embodiments memory 102 stores device/globalinternal state 157, as shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 3 . Device/globalinternal state 157 includes one or more of: active application state,indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; displaystate, indicating what applications, views or other information occupyvarious regions of touch screen display 112; sensor state, includinginformation obtained from the device's various sensors and input controldevices 116; and location information concerning the device's locationand/or attitude.

Operating system 126 (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, iOS,WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includesvarious software components and/or drivers for controlling and managinggeneral system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control,power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between varioushardware and software components.

Communication module 128 facilitates communication with other devicesover one or more external ports 124 and also includes various softwarecomponents for handling data received by RF circuitry 108 and/orexternal port 124. External port 124 (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB),FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices orindirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). Insome embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin)connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with the30-pin connector used on iPod® (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices.

Contact/motion module 130 optionally detects contact with touch screen112 (in conjunction with display controller 156) and other touchsensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel).Contact/motion module 130 includes various software components forperforming various operations related to detection of contact, such asdetermining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-downevent), determining an intensity of the contact (e.g., the force orpressure of the contact or a substitute for the force or pressure of thecontact) determining if there is movement of the contact and trackingthe movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one ormore finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased(e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact).Contact/motion module 130 receives contact data from the touch-sensitivesurface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which isrepresented by a series of contact data, optionally includes determiningspeed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or anacceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point ofcontact. These operations are, optionally, applied to single contacts(e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g.,“multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments,contact/motion module 130 and display controller 156 detect contact on atouchpad.

In some embodiments, contact/motion module 130 uses a set of one or moreintensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has beenperformed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has “clicked” onan icon). In some embodiments at least a subset of the intensitythresholds are determined in accordance with software parameters (e.g.,the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholdsof particular physical actuators and can be adjusted without changingthe physical hardware of device 100). For example, a mouse “click”threshold of a trackpad or touch screen display can be set to any of alarge range of predefined threshold values without changing the trackpador touch screen display hardware. Additionally, in some implementationsa user of the device is provided with software settings for adjustingone or more of the set of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjustingindividual intensity thresholds and/or by adjusting a plurality ofintensity thresholds at once with a system-level click “intensity”parameter).

Contact/motion module 130 optionally detects a gesture input by a user.Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contactpatterns (e.g., different motions, timings, and/or intensities ofdetected contacts). Thus, a gesture is, optionally, detected bydetecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a fingertap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detectinga finger-up (liftoff) event at the same position (or substantially thesame position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of anicon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on thetouch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followedby detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequentlyfollowed by detecting a finger-up (liftoff) event.

Graphics module 132 includes various known software components forrendering and displaying graphics on touch screen 112 or other display,including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness,transparency, saturation, contrast or other visual property) of graphicsthat are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes anyobject that can be displayed to a user, including without limitationtext, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including softkeys), digital images, videos, animations and the like.

In some embodiments, graphics module 132 stores data representinggraphics to be used. Each graphic is, optionally, assigned acorresponding code. Graphics module 132 receives, from applicationsetc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with,if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and thengenerates screen image data to output to display controller 156.

Haptic feedback module 133 includes various software components forgenerating instructions used by tactile output generator(s) 167 toproduce tactile outputs at one or more locations on device 100 inresponse to user interactions with device 100.

Text input module 134, which may be a component of graphics module 132,provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g.,contacts module 137, e-mail client module 140, IM module 141, browsermodule 147, and any other application that needs text input).

GPS module 135 determines the location of the device and provides thisinformation for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone 138 foruse in location-based dialing, to camera 143 as picture/video metadata,and to applications that provide location-based services such as weatherwidgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets).

Applications 136 may include the following modules (or sets ofinstructions), or a subset or superset thereof:

-   -   contacts module 137 (sometimes called an address book or contact        list);    -   telephone module 138;    -   video conferencing module 139;    -   e-mail client module 140;    -   instant messaging (IM) module 141;    -   workout support module 142;    -   camera module 143 for still and/or video images;    -   image management module 144;    -   video player module;    -   music player module;    -   browser module 147;    -   calendar module 148;    -   widget modules 149, which may include one or more of: weather        widget 149-1, stocks widget 149-2, calculator widget 149-3,        alarm clock widget 149-4, dictionary widget 149-5, and other        widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets        149-6;    -   widget creator module 150 for making user-created widgets 149-6;    -   search module 151;    -   video and music player module 152, which merges video player        module and music player module;    -   notes module 153;    -   map module 154; and/or    -   online video module 155.

Examples of other applications 136 that may be stored in memory 102include other word processing applications, other image editingapplications, drawing applications, presentation applications,JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voicerecognition, and voice replication.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contactmodule 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, contactsmodule 137 may be used to manage an address book or contact list (e.g.,stored in application internal state 192 of contacts module 137 inmemory 102 or memory 370), including: adding name(s) to the addressbook; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephonenumber(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or other informationwith a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sortingnames; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses to initiateand/or facilitate communications by telephone 138, video conference 139,e-mail 140, or IM 141; and so forth.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111,microphone 113, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact module130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, telephone module138 may be used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to atelephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in contactsmodule 137, modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial arespective telephone number, conduct a conversation and disconnect orhang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wirelesscommunication may use any of a plurality of communications standards,protocols and technologies.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111,microphone 113, touch screen 112, display controller 156, optical sensor164, optical sensor controller 158, contact module 130, graphics module132, text input module 134, contacts module 137, and telephone module138, videoconferencing module 139 includes executable instructions toinitiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user andone or more other participants in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, and text inputmodule 134, e-mail client module 140 includes executable instructions tocreate, send, receive, and manage e-mail in response to userinstructions. In conjunction with image management module 144, e-mailclient module 140 makes it very easy to create and send e-mails withstill or video images taken with camera module 143.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, and text inputmodule 134, the instant messaging module 141 includes executableinstructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to aninstant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit arespective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service(SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-basedinstant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-basedinstant messages), to receive instant messages and to view receivedinstant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or receivedinstant messages may include graphics, photos, audio files, video filesand/or other attachments as are supported in a MMS and/or an EnhancedMessaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers toboth telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) andInternet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, orIMPS).

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, text inputmodule 134, GPS module 135, map module 154, and music player module,workout support module 142 includes executable instructions to createworkouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burning goals);communicate with workout sensors (sports devices); receive workoutsensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; select andplay music for a workout; and display, store and transmit workout data.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, opticalsensor(s) 164, optical sensor controller 158, contact module 130,graphics module 132, and image management module 144, camera module 143includes executable instructions to capture still images or video(including a video stream) and store them into memory 102, modifycharacteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image orvideo from memory 102.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contactmodule 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, and cameramodule 143, image management module 144 includes executable instructionsto arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate, label, delete,present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/orvideo images.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display systemcontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, and text inputmodule 134, browser module 147 includes executable instructions tobrowse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, includingsearching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web-pages or portionsthereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web-pages.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display systemcontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, text inputmodule 134, e-mail client module 140, and browser module 147, calendarmodule 148 includes executable instructions to create, display, modify,and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendarentries, to do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display systemcontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, text inputmodule 134, and browser module 147, widget modules 149 aremini-applications that may be downloaded and used by a user (e.g.,weather widget 149-1, stocks widget 149-2, calculator widget 149-3,alarm clock widget 149-4, and dictionary widget 149-5) or created by theuser (e.g., user-created widget 149-6). In some embodiments, a widgetincludes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (CascadingStyle Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widgetincludes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file(e.g., Yahoo! Widgets).

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display systemcontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, text inputmodule 134, and browser module 147, the widget creator module 150 may beused by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specified portionof a web-page into a widget).

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display system controller 156,contact module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134,search module 151 includes executable instructions to search for text,music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory 102 that matchone or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified searchterms) in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display system controller 156,contact module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuitry 110, speaker111, RF circuitry 108, and browser module 147, video and music playermodule 152 includes executable instructions that allow the user todownload and play back recorded music and other sound files stored inone or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executableinstructions to display, present or otherwise play back videos (e.g., ontouch screen 112 or on an external, connected display via external port124). In some embodiments, device 100 optionally includes thefunctionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of AppleInc.).

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contactmodule 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, notes module153 includes executable instructions to create and manage notes, to dolists, and the like in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display systemcontroller 156, contact module 130, graphics module 132, text inputmodule 134, GPS module 135, and browser module 147, map module 154 maybe used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associatedwith maps (e.g., driving directions; data on stores and other points ofinterest at or near a particular location; and other location-baseddata) in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display system controller 156,contact module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuitry 110, speaker111, RF circuitry 108, text input module 134, e-mail client module 140,and browser module 147, online video module 155 includes instructionsthat allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streamingand/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or on anexternal, connected display via external port 124), send an e-mail witha link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videosin one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instantmessaging module 141, rather than e-mail client module 140, is used tosend a link to a particular online video. Additional description of theonline video application can be found in U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 60/936,562, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos,” filed Jun. 20,2007, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/968,067, “PortableMultifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for PlayingOnline Videos,” filed Dec. 31, 2007, the content of which is herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety.

Each of the above identified modules and applications correspond to aset of executable instructions for performing one or more functionsdescribed above and the methods described in this application (e.g., thecomputer-implemented methods and other information processing methodsdescribed herein). These modules (e.g., sets of instructions) need notbe implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, andthus various subsets of these modules may be combined or otherwisere-arranged in various embodiments. For example, video player module maybe combined with music player module into a single module (e.g., videoand music player module 152, FIG. 1A). In some embodiments, memory 102may store a subset of the modules and data structures identified above.Furthermore, memory 102 may store additional modules and data structuresnot described above.

In some embodiments, device 100 is a device where operation of apredefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusivelythrough a touch screen and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/ora touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device100, the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons,dials, and the like) on device 100 may be reduced.

The predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through atouch screen and/or a touchpad optionally include navigation betweenuser interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by theuser, navigates device 100 to a main, home, or root menu from any userinterface that is displayed on device 100. In such embodiments, a “menubutton” is implemented using a touchpad. In some other embodiments, themenu button is a physical push button or other physical input controldevice instead of a touchpad.

FIG. 1B is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for eventhandling in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments,memory 102 (in FIG. 1A) or 370 (FIG. 3 ) includes event sorter 170(e.g., in operating system 126) and a respective application 136-1(e.g., any of the aforementioned applications 137-151, 155, 380-390).

Event sorter 170 receives event information and determines theapplication 136-1 and application view 191 of application 136-1 to whichto deliver the event information. Event sorter 170 includes eventmonitor 171 and event dispatcher module 174. In some embodiments,application 136-1 includes application internal state 192, whichindicates the current application view(s) displayed on touch sensitivedisplay 112 when the application is active or executing. In someembodiments, device/global internal state 157 is used by event sorter170 to determine which application(s) is (are) currently active, andapplication internal state 192 is used by event sorter 170 to determineapplication views 191 to which to deliver event information.

In some embodiments, application internal state 192 includes additionalinformation, such as one or more of: resume information to be used whenapplication 136-1 resumes execution, user interface state informationthat indicates information being displayed or that is ready for displayby application 136-1, a state queue for enabling the user to go back toa prior state or view of application 136-1, and a redo/undo queue ofprevious actions taken by the user.

Event monitor 171 receives event information from peripherals interface118. Event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., auser touch on touch-sensitive display 112, as part of a multi-touchgesture). Peripherals interface 118 transmits information it receivesfrom I/O subsystem 106 or a sensor, such as proximity sensor 166,accelerometer(s) 168, and/or microphone 113 (through audio circuitry110). Information that peripherals interface 118 receives from I/Osubsystem 106 includes information from touch-sensitive display 112 or atouch-sensitive surface.

In some embodiments, event monitor 171 sends requests to the peripheralsinterface 118 at predetermined intervals. In response, peripheralsinterface 118 transmits event information. In other embodiments,peripheral interface 118 transmits event information only when there isa significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predeterminednoise threshold and/or for more than a predetermined duration).

In some embodiments, event sorter 170 also includes a hit viewdetermination module 172 and/or an active event recognizer determinationmodule 173.

Hit view determination module 172 provides software procedures fordetermining where a sub-event has taken place within one or more views,when touch sensitive display 112 displays more than one view. Views aremade up of controls and other elements that a user can see on thedisplay.

Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is aset of views, sometimes herein called application views or userinterface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-basedgestures occur. The application views (of a respective application) inwhich a touch is detected may correspond to programmatic levels within aprogrammatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example, thelowest level view in which a touch is detected may be called the hitview, and the set of events that are recognized as proper inputs may bedetermined based, at least in part, on the hit view of the initial touchthat begins a touch-based gesture.

Hit view determination module 172 receives information related tosub-events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multipleviews organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module 172identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy which shouldhandle the sub-event. In most circumstances, the hit view is the lowestlevel view in which an initiating sub-event occurs (e.g., the firstsub-event in the sequence of sub-events that form an event or potentialevent). Once the hit view is identified by the hit view determinationmodule 172, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related tothe same touch or input source for which it was identified as the hitview.

Active event recognizer determination module 173 determines which viewor views within a view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence ofsub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determinationmodule 173 determines that only the hit view should receive a particularsequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizerdetermination module 173 determines that all views that include thephysical location of a sub-event are actively involved views, andtherefore determines that all actively involved views should receive aparticular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if touchsub-events were entirely confined to the area associated with oneparticular view, views higher in the hierarchy would still remain asactively involved views.

Event dispatcher module 174 dispatches the event information to an eventrecognizer (e.g., event recognizer 180). In embodiments including activeevent recognizer determination module 173, event dispatcher module 174delivers the event information to an event recognizer determined byactive event recognizer determination module 173. In some embodiments,event dispatcher module 174 stores in an event queue the eventinformation, which is retrieved by a respective event receiver module182.

In some embodiments, operating system 126 includes event sorter 170.Alternatively, application 136-1 includes event sorter 170. In yet otherembodiments, event sorter 170 is a stand-alone module, or a part ofanother module stored in memory 102, such as contact/motion module 130.

In some embodiments, application 136-1 includes a plurality of eventhandlers 190 and one or more application views 191, each of whichincludes instructions for handling touch events that occur within arespective view of the application's user interface. Each applicationview 191 of the application 136-1 includes one or more event recognizers180. Typically, a respective application view 191 includes a pluralityof event recognizers 180. In other embodiments, one or more of eventrecognizers 180 are part of a separate module, such as a user interfacekit (not shown) or a higher level object from which application 136-1inherits methods and other properties. In some embodiments, a respectiveevent handler 190 includes one or more of: data updater 176, objectupdater 177, GUI updater 178, and/or event data 179 received from eventsorter 170. Event handler 190 may utilize or call data updater 176,object updater 177 or GUI updater 178 to update the application internalstate 192. Alternatively, one or more of the application views 191includes one or more respective event handlers 190. Also, in someembodiments, one or more of data updater 176, object updater 177, andGUI updater 178 are included in a respective application view 191.

A respective event recognizer 180 receives event information (e.g.,event data 179) from event sorter 170, and identifies an event from theevent information. Event recognizer 180 includes event receiver 182 andevent comparator 184. In some embodiments, event recognizer 180 alsoincludes at least a subset of: metadata 183, and event deliveryinstructions 188 (which may include sub-event delivery instructions).

Event receiver 182 receives event information from event sorter 170. Theevent information includes information about a sub-event, for example, atouch or a touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the eventinformation also includes additional information, such as location ofthe sub-event. When the sub-event concerns motion of a touch the eventinformation may also include speed and direction of the sub-event. Insome embodiments, events include rotation of the device from oneorientation to another (e.g., from a portrait orientation to a landscapeorientation, or vice versa), and the event information includescorresponding information about the current orientation (also calleddevice attitude) of the device.

Event comparator 184 compares the event information to predefined eventor sub-event definitions and, based on the comparison, determines anevent or sub-event, or determines or updates the state of an event orsub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator 184 includes eventdefinitions 186. Event definitions 186 contain definitions of events(e.g., predefined sequences of sub-events), for example, event 1(187-1), event 2 (187-2), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events inan event (187) include, for example, touch begin, touch end, touchmovement, touch cancellation, and multiple touching. In one example, thedefinition for event 1 (187-1) is a double tap on a displayed object.The double tap, for example, comprises a first touch (touch begin) onthe displayed object for a predetermined phase, a first liftoff (touchend) for a predetermined phase, a second touch (touch begin) on thedisplayed object for a predetermined phase, and a second liftoff (touchend) for a predetermined phase. In another example, the definition forevent 2 (187-2) is a dragging on a displayed object. The dragging, forexample, comprises a touch (or contact) on the displayed object for apredetermined phase, a movement of the touch across touch-sensitivedisplay 112, and liftoff of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments,the event also includes information for one or more associated eventhandlers 190.

In some embodiments, event definition 187 includes a definition of anevent for a respective user-interface object. In some embodiments, eventcomparator 184 performs a hit test to determine which user-interfaceobject is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an applicationview in which three user-interface objects are displayed ontouch-sensitive display 112, when a touch is detected on touch-sensitivedisplay 112, event comparator 184 performs a hit test to determine whichof the three user-interface objects is associated with the touch(sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respectiveevent handler 190, the event comparator uses the result of the hit testto determine which event handler 190 should be activated. For example,event comparator 184 selects an event handler associated with thesub-event and the object triggering the hit test.

In some embodiments, the definition for a respective event (187) alsoincludes delayed actions that delay delivery of the event informationuntil after it has been determined whether the sequence of sub-eventsdoes or does not correspond to the event recognizer's event type.

When a respective event recognizer 180 determines that the series ofsub-events do not match any of the events in event definitions 186, therespective event recognizer 180 enters an event impossible, eventfailed, or event ended state, after which it disregards subsequentsub-events of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, other eventrecognizers, if any, that remain active for the hit view continue totrack and process sub-events of an ongoing touch-based gesture.

In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 180 includes metadata183 with configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate howthe event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to activelyinvolved event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata 183 includesconfigurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how eventrecognizers may interact, or are enabled to interact, with one another.In some embodiments, metadata 183 includes configurable properties,flags, and/or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered tovarying levels in the view or programmatic hierarchy.

In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 180 activates eventhandler 190 associated with an event when one or more particularsub-events of an event are recognized. In some embodiments, a respectiveevent recognizer 180 delivers event information associated with theevent to event handler 190. Activating an event handler 190 is distinctfrom sending (and deferred sending) sub-events to a respective hit view.In some embodiments, event recognizer 180 throws a flag associated withthe recognized event, and event handler 190 associated with the flagcatches the flag and performs a predefined process.

In some embodiments, event delivery instructions 188 include sub-eventdelivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-eventwithout activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event deliveryinstructions deliver event information to event handlers associated withthe series of sub-events or to actively involved views. Event handlersassociated with the series of sub-events or with actively involved viewsreceive the event information and perform a predetermined process.

In some embodiments, data updater 176 creates and updates data used inapplication 136-1. For example, data updater 177 updates the telephonenumber used in contacts module 137, or stores a video file used in videoplayer module. In some embodiments, object updater 177 creates andupdates objects used in application 136-1. For example, object updater176 creates a new user-interface object or updates the position of auser-interface object. GUI updater 178 updates the GUI. For example, GUIupdater 178 prepares display information and sends it to graphics module132 for display on a touch-sensitive display.

In some embodiments, event handler(s) 190 includes or has access to dataupdater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178. In someembodiments, data updater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178are included in a single module of a respective application 136-1 orapplication view 191. In other embodiments, they are included in two ormore software modules.

It shall be understood that the foregoing discussion regarding eventhandling of user touches on touch-sensitive displays also applies toother forms of user inputs to operate multifunction devices 100 withinput-devices, not all of which are initiated on touch screens. Forexample, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally coordinatedwith single or multiple keyboard presses or holds; contact movementssuch as taps, drags, scrolls, etc., on touch-pads; pen stylus inputs;movement of the device; oral instructions; detected eye movements;biometric inputs; and/or any combination thereof are optionally utilizedas inputs corresponding to sub-events which define an event to berecognized.

FIG. 2 illustrates a portable multifunction device 100 having a touchscreen 112 in accordance with some embodiments. The touch screenoptionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI) 200.In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user is enabledto select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on thegraphics, for example, with one or more fingers 202 (not drawn to scalein the figure) or one or more styluses 203 (not drawn to scale in thefigure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurswhen the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In someembodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one ormore swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward)and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upwardand/or downward) that has made contact with device 100. In someimplementations or circumstances, inadvertent contact with a graphicdoes not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweepsover an application icon optionally does not select the correspondingapplication when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap.

Device 100 may also include one or more physical buttons, such as “home”or menu button 204. As described previously, menu button 204 may be usedto navigate to any application 136 in a set of applications that may beexecuted on device 100. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menubutton is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen112.

In one embodiment, device 100 includes touch screen 112, menu button204, push button 206 for powering the device on/off and locking thedevice, volume adjustment button(s) 208, Subscriber Identity Module(SIM) card slot 210, head set jack 212, and docking/charging externalport 124. Push button 206 is, optionally, used to turn the power on/offon the device by depressing the button and holding the button in thedepressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device bydepressing the button and releasing the button before the predefinedtime interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate anunlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device 100 also acceptsverbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions throughmicrophone 113. Device 100 also, optionally, includes one or morecontact intensity sensors 165 for detecting intensity of contacts ontouch screen 112 and/or one or more tactile output generators 167 forgenerating tactile outputs for a user of device 100.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with adisplay and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with someembodiments. Device 300 need not be portable. In some embodiments,device 300 is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer,a multimedia player device, a navigation device, an educational device(such as a child's learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device(e.g., a home or industrial controller). Device 300 typically includesone or more processing units (CPUs) 310, one or more network or othercommunications interfaces 360, memory 370, and one or more communicationbuses 320 for interconnecting these components. Communication buses 320optionally include circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) thatinterconnects and controls communications between system components.Device 300 includes input/output (I/O) interface 330 comprising display340, which is typically a touch screen display. I/O interface 330 alsooptionally includes a keyboard and/or mouse (or other pointing device)350 and touchpad 355, tactile output generator 357 for generatingtactile outputs on device 300 (e.g., similar to tactile outputgenerator(s) 167 described above with reference to FIG. 1A), sensors 359(e.g., optical, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensitive, and/or contactintensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor(s) 165 describedabove with reference to FIG. 1A). Memory 370 includes high-speed randomaccess memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM or other random access solidstate memory devices; and optionally includes non-volatile memory, suchas one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storagedevices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storagedevices. Memory 370 optionally includes one or more storage devicesremotely located from CPU(s) 310. In some embodiments, memory 370 storesprograms, modules, and data structures analogous to the programs,modules, and data structures stored in memory 102 of portablemultifunction device 100 (FIG. 1A), or a subset thereof. Furthermore,memory 370 optionally stores additional programs, modules, and datastructures not present in memory 102 of portable multifunction device100. For example, memory 370 of device 300 optionally stores drawingmodule 380, presentation module 382, word processing module 384, websitecreation module 386, disk authoring module 388, and/or spreadsheetmodule 390, while memory 102 of portable multifunction device 100 (FIG.1A) optionally does not store these modules.

Each of the above identified elements in FIG. 3 may be stored in one ormore of the previously mentioned memory devices. Each of the aboveidentified modules corresponds to a set of instructions for performing afunction described above. The above identified modules or programs(e.g., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separatesoftware programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets ofthese modules may be combined or otherwise re-arranged in variousembodiments. In some embodiments, memory 370 may store a subset of themodules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory 370may store additional modules and data structures not described above.

Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”)that may be implemented on portable multifunction device 100.

FIG. 4A illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu ofapplications on portable multifunction device 100 in accordance withsome embodiments. Similar user interfaces may be implemented on device300. In some embodiments, user interface 400 includes the followingelements, or a subset or superset thereof:

-   -   Signal strength indicator(s) 402 for wireless communication(s),        such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;    -   Time 404;    -   Bluetooth indicator 405;    -   Battery status indicator 406;    -   Tray 408 with icons for frequently used applications, such as:        -   Icon 416 for telephone module 138, labeled “Phone,” which            optionally includes an indicator 414 of the number of missed            calls or voicemail messages;        -   Icon 418 for e-mail client module 140, labeled “Mail,” which            optionally includes an indicator 410 of the number of unread            e-mails;        -   Icon 420 for browser module 147, labeled “Browser;” and        -   Icon 422 for video and music player module 152, also            referred to as iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) module 152,            labeled “iPod;” and    -   Icons for other applications, such as:        -   Icon 424 for IM module 141, labeled “Messages;”        -   Icon 426 for calendar module 148, labeled “Calendar;”        -   Icon 428 for image management module 144, labeled “Photos;”        -   Icon 430 for camera module 143, labeled “Camera;”        -   Icon 432 for online video module 155, labeled “Online Video”        -   Icon 434 for stocks widget 149-2, labeled “Stocks;”        -   Icon 436 for map module 154, labeled “Maps;”        -   Icon 438 for weather widget 149-1, labeled “Weather;”        -   Icon 440 for alarm clock widget 149-4, labeled “Clock;”        -   Icon 442 for workout support module 142, labeled “Workout            Support;”        -   Icon 444 for notes module 153, labeled “Notes;” and        -   Icon 446 for a settings application or module, labeled            “Settings,” which provides access to settings for device 100            and its various applications 136.

It should be noted that the icon labels illustrated in FIG. 4A aremerely exemplary. For example, icon 422 for video and music playermodule 152 are labeled “Music” or “Music Player.” Other labels are,optionally, used for various application icons. In some embodiments, alabel for a respective application icon includes a name of anapplication corresponding to the respective application icon. In someembodiments, a label for a particular application icon is distinct froma name of an application corresponding to the particular applicationicon.

FIG. 4B illustrates an exemplary user interface on a device (e.g.,device 300, FIG. 3 ) with a touch-sensitive surface 451 (e.g., a tabletor touchpad 355, FIG. 3 ) that is separate from the display 450 (e.g.,touch screen display 112). Device 300 also, optionally, includes one ormore contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors 357) fordetecting intensity of contacts on touch-sensitive surface 451 and/orone or more tactile output generators 359 for generating tactile outputsfor a user of device 300.

Although some of the examples which follow will be given with referenceto inputs on touch screen display 112 (where the touch sensitive surfaceand the display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detectsinputs on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display,as shown in FIG. 4B. In some embodiments the touch sensitive surface(e.g., 451 in FIG. 4B) has a primary axis (e.g., 452 in FIG. 4B) thatcorresponds to a primary axis (e.g., 453 in FIG. 4B) on the display(e.g., 450). In accordance with these embodiments, the device detectscontacts (e.g., 460 and 462 in FIG. 4B) with the touch-sensitive surface451 at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display(e.g., in FIG. 4B, 460 corresponds to 468 and 462 corresponds to 470).In this way, user inputs (e.g., contacts 460 and 462, and movementsthereof) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,451 in FIG. 4B) are used by the device to manipulate the user interfaceon the display (e.g., 450 in FIG. 4B) of the multifunction device whenthe touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should beunderstood that similar methods are, optionally, used for other userinterfaces described herein.

Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily withreference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures,finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that, in someembodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with inputfrom another input device (e.g., a mouse based input or stylus input).For example, a swipe gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click(e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of the cursor alongthe path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). Asanother example, a tap gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouseclick while the cursor is located over the location of the tap gesture(e.g., instead of detection of the contact followed by ceasing to detectthe contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are simultaneouslydetected, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are,optionally, used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are,optionally, used simultaneously.

FIG. 5A illustrates exemplary personal electronic device 500. Device 500includes body 502. In some embodiments, device 500 can include some orall of the features described with respect to devices 100 and 300 (e.g.,FIGS. 1A-4B). In some embodiments, device 500 has touch-sensitivedisplay screen 504, hereafter touchscreen 504. Alternatively, or inaddition to touchscreen 504, device 500 has a display and atouch-sensitive surface. As with devices 100 and 300, in someembodiments, touchscreen 504 (or the touch-sensitive surface) may haveone or more intensity sensors for detecting intensity of contacts (e.g.,touches) being applied. The one or more intensity sensors of touchscreen504 (or the touch-sensitive surface) can provide output data thatrepresents the intensity of touches. The user interface of device 500can respond to touches based on their intensity, meaning that touches ofdifferent intensities can invoke different user interface operations ondevice 500.

Techniques for detecting and processing touch intensity may be found,for example, in related applications: International Patent ApplicationSerial No. PCT/US2013/040061, entitled “Device, Method, and GraphicalUser Interface for Displaying User Interface Objects Corresponding to anApplication,” filed May 8, 2013 and International Patent ApplicationSerial No. PCT/US2013/069483, entitled “Device, Method, and GraphicalUser Interface for Transitioning Between Touch Input to Display OutputRelationships,” filed Nov. 11, 2013, each of which is herebyincorporated by reference in their entirety.

In some embodiments, device 500 has one or more input mechanisms 506 and508. Input mechanisms 506 and 508, if included, can be physical.Examples of physical input mechanisms include push buttons and rotatablemechanisms. In some embodiments, device 500 has one or more attachmentmechanisms. Such attachment mechanisms, if included, can permitattachment of device 500 with, for example, hats, eyewear, earrings,necklaces, shirts, jackets, bracelets, watch straps, chains, trousers,belts, shoes, purses, backpacks, and so forth. These attachmentmechanisms may permit device 500 to be worn by a user.

FIG. 5B depicts exemplary personal electronic device 500. In someembodiments, device 500 can include some or all of the componentsdescribed with respect to FIGS. 1A, 1 , and 3. Device 500 has bus 512that operatively couples I/O section 514 with one or more computerprocessors 516 and memory 518. I/O section 514 can be connected todisplay 504, which can have touch-sensitive component 522 and,optionally, touch-intensity sensitive component 524. In addition, I/Osection 514 can be connected with communication unit 530 for receivingapplication and operating system data, using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth™, nearfield communication (“NFC”), cellular and/or other wirelesscommunication techniques. Device 500 can include input mechanisms 506and/or 508. Input mechanism 506 may be a rotatable input device, forexample. Input mechanism 508 may be a button, in some examples.

Input mechanism 508 may be a microphone, in some examples. Personalelectronic device 500 can include various sensors, such as GPS sensor532, accelerometer 534, directional sensor 540 (e.g., compass),gyroscope 536, motion sensor 538, and/or a combination thereof, all ofwhich can be operatively connected to I/O section 514.

Memory 518 of personal electronic device 500 can be a non-transitorycomputer readable storage medium, for storing computer-executableinstructions, which, when executed by one or more computer processors516, for example, can cause the computer processors to perform thetechniques described above, including processes 700 (FIG. 7 ) and 800(FIG. 8 ). The computer-executable instructions can also be storedand/or transported within any non-transitory computer readable storagemedium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system,apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system,processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch theinstructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or deviceand execute the instructions. For purposes of this document, a“non-transitory computer readable storage medium” can be any medium thatcan tangibly contain or store computer-executable instructions for useby or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, ordevice. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium can include,but is not limited to, magnetic, optical, and/or semiconductor storages.Examples of such storage include magnetic disks, optical discs based onCD, DVD, or Blu-ray technologies, as well as persistent solid-statememory such as flash, solid-state drives, and the like. Personalelectronic device 500 is not limited to the components and configurationof FIG. 5B, but can include other or additional components in multipleconfigurations.

As used here, the term “affordance” refers to a user-interactivegraphical user interface object that may be displayed on the displayscreen of devices 100, 300, and/or 500 (FIGS. 1, 3, and 5 ). Forexample, an image (e.g., icon), a button, and text (e.g., hyperlink) mayeach constitute an affordance.

As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input elementthat indicates a current part of a user interface with which a user isinteracting. In some implementations that include a cursor or otherlocation marker, the cursor acts as a “focus selector,” so that when aninput (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface(e.g., touchpad 355 in FIG. 3 or touch-sensitive surface 451 in FIG. 4B)while the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., abutton, window, slider or other user interface element), the particularuser interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detectedinput. In some implementations that include a touch-screen display(e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112 in FIG. 1A or touch screen 112in FIG. 4A) that enables direct interaction with user interface elementson the touch-screen display, a detected contact on the touch-screen actsas a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input by thecontact) is detected on the touch-screen display at a location of aparticular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider orother user interface element), the particular user interface element isadjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementationsfocus is moved from one region of a user interface to another region ofthe user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor ormovement of a contact on a touch-screen display (e.g., by using a tabkey or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another button); inthese implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance withmovement of focus between different regions of the user interface.Without regard to the specific form taken by the focus selector, thefocus selector is generally the user interface element (or contact on atouch-screen display) that is controlled by the user so as tocommunicate the user's intended interaction with the user interface(e.g., by indicating, to the device, the element of the user interfacewith which the user is intending to interact). For example, the locationof a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, a contact or a selection box) overa respective button while a press input is detected on thetouch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touch screen) will indicatethat the user is intending to activate the respective button (as opposedto other user interface elements shown on a display of the device).

As used in the specification and claims, the term “characteristicintensity” of a contact refers to a characteristic of the contact basedon one or more intensities of the contact. In some embodiments, thecharacteristic intensity is based on multiple intensity samples. Thecharacteristic intensity is, optionally, based on a predefined number ofintensity samples, or a set of intensity samples collected during apredetermined time period (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10seconds) relative to a predefined event (e.g., after detecting thecontact, prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, before or afterdetecting a start of movement of the contact, prior to detecting an endof the contact, before or after detecting an increase in intensity ofthe contact, and/or before or after detecting a decrease in intensity ofthe contact). A characteristic intensity of a contact is, optionallybased on one or more of: a maximum value of the intensities of thecontact, a mean value of the intensities of the contact, an averagevalue of the intensities of the contact, a top 10 percentile value ofthe intensities of the contact, a value at the half maximum of theintensities of the contact, a value at the 90 percent maximum of theintensities of the contact, or the like. In some embodiments, theduration of the contact is used in determining the characteristicintensity (e.g., when the characteristic intensity is an average of theintensity of the contact over time). In some embodiments, thecharacteristic intensity is compared to a set of one or more intensitythresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by auser. For example, the set of one or more intensity thresholds mayinclude a first intensity threshold and a second intensity threshold. Inthis example, a contact with a characteristic intensity that does notexceed the first threshold results in a first operation, a contact witha characteristic intensity that exceeds the first intensity thresholdand does not exceed the second intensity threshold results in a secondoperation, and a contact with a characteristic intensity that exceedsthe second threshold results in a third operation. In some embodiments,a comparison between the characteristic intensity and one or morethresholds is used to determine whether or not to perform one or moreoperations (e.g., whether to perform a respective operation or forgoperforming the respective operation) rather than being used to determinewhether to perform a first operation or a second operation.

In some embodiments, a portion of a gesture is identified for purposesof determining a characteristic intensity. For example, atouch-sensitive surface may receive a continuous swipe contacttransitioning from a start location and reaching an end location, atwhich point the intensity of the contact increases. In this example, thecharacteristic intensity of the contact at the end location may be basedon only a portion of the continuous swipe contact, and not the entireswipe contact (e.g., only the portion of the swipe contact at the endlocation). In some embodiments, a smoothing algorithm may be applied tothe intensities of the swipe contact prior to determining thecharacteristic intensity of the contact. For example, the smoothingalgorithm optionally includes one or more of: an unweightedsliding-average smoothing algorithm, a triangular smoothing algorithm, amedian filter smoothing algorithm, and/or an exponential smoothingalgorithm. In some circumstances, these smoothing algorithms eliminatenarrow spikes or dips in the intensities of the swipe contact forpurposes of determining a characteristic intensity.

The intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface may becharacterized relative to one or more intensity thresholds, such as acontact-detection intensity threshold, a light press intensitythreshold, a deep press intensity threshold, and/or one or more otherintensity thresholds. In some embodiments, the light press intensitythreshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will performoperations typically associated with clicking a button of a physicalmouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, the deep press intensitythreshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will performoperations that are different from operations typically associated withclicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In someembodiments, when a contact is detected with a characteristic intensitybelow the light press intensity threshold (e.g., and above a nominalcontact-detection intensity threshold below which the contact is nolonger detected), the device will move a focus selector in accordancewith movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface withoutperforming an operation associated with the light press intensitythreshold or the deep press intensity threshold. Generally, unlessotherwise stated, these intensity thresholds are consistent betweendifferent sets of user interface figures.

An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensitybelow the light press intensity threshold to an intensity between thelight press intensity threshold and the deep press intensity thresholdis sometimes referred to as a “light press” input. An increase ofcharacteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the deeppress intensity threshold to an intensity above the deep press intensitythreshold is sometimes referred to as a “deep press” input. An increaseof characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below thecontact-detection intensity threshold to an intensity between thecontact-detection intensity threshold and the light press intensitythreshold is sometimes referred to as detecting the contact on thetouch-surface. A decrease of characteristic intensity of the contactfrom an intensity above the contact-detection intensity threshold to anintensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold is sometimesreferred to as detecting liftoff of the contact from the touch-surface.In some embodiments the contact-detection intensity threshold is zero.In some embodiments the contact-detection intensity threshold is greaterthan zero.

In some embodiments described herein, one or more operations areperformed in response to detecting a gesture that includes a respectivepress input or in response to detecting the respective press inputperformed with a respective contact (or a plurality of contacts), wherethe respective press input is detected based at least in part ondetecting an increase in intensity of the contact (or plurality ofcontacts) above a press-input intensity threshold. In some embodiments,the respective operation is performed in response to detecting theincrease in intensity of the respective contact above the press-inputintensity threshold (e.g., a “down stroke” of the respective pressinput). In some embodiments, the press input includes an increase inintensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensitythreshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact belowthe press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation isperformed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensityof the respective contact below the press-input threshold (e.g., an “upstroke” of the respective press input).

In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoidaccidental inputs sometimes termed “jitter,” where the device defines orselects a hysteresis intensity threshold with a predefined relationshipto the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensitythreshold is X intensity units lower than the press-input intensitythreshold or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90% or somereasonable proportion of the press-input intensity threshold). Thus, insome embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity ofthe respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and asubsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresisintensity threshold that corresponds to the press-input intensitythreshold, and the respective operation is performed in response todetecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contactbelow the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of therespective press input). Similarly, in some embodiments, the press inputis detected only when the device detects an increase in intensity of thecontact from an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity thresholdto an intensity at or above the press-input intensity threshold and,optionally, a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact to anintensity at or below the hysteresis intensity, and the respectiveoperation is performed in response to detecting the press input (e.g.,the increase in intensity of the contact or the decrease in intensity ofthe contact, depending on the circumstances).

For ease of explanation, the descriptions of operations performed inresponse to a press input associated with a press-input intensitythreshold or in response to a gesture including the press input are,optionally, triggered in response to detecting either: an increase inintensity of a contact above the press-input intensity threshold, anincrease in intensity of a contact from an intensity below thehysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the press-inputintensity threshold, a decrease in intensity of the contact below thepress-input intensity threshold, and/or a decrease in intensity of thecontact below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to thepress-input intensity threshold. Additionally, in examples where anoperation is described as being performed in response to detecting adecrease in intensity of a contact below the press-input intensitythreshold, the operation is, optionally, performed in response todetecting a decrease in intensity of the contact below a hysteresisintensity threshold corresponding to, and lower than, the press-inputintensity threshold.

Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”)and associated processes that may be implemented on a multifunctiondevice with a display and a touch-sensitive surface, such as devices100, 300, and/or 500, to improve a user's experience in accessing,composing, and manipulating electronic messages.

FIGS. 6A-6H illustrate exemplary user interfaces for accessing,composing, and manipulating electronic messages using an electronicdevice. In some embodiments, the electronic device is device 500. Theelectronic device has a display (e.g., 112, 340, 504), a touch-sensitivesurface (e.g., 112, 355, 504), and a rotatable input mechanism (e.g.,506). In FIG. 6A, user interface screen 602 displays multipleaffordances (e.g., a plurality of icons). Each affordance is associatedwith a software application such that when an affordance is activated bya user, the application associated with the activated affordance isdisplayed on the display of the electronic device. User interface screen602 includes an affordance representing an electronic messagesapplication 604 (e.g., an icon among the plurality of icons). The devicereceives user input representing movement of the rotatable inputmechanism (e.g., the user rotates the rotatable input mechanism in afirst direction). In accordance with some embodiments, in response toreceiving the user input representing movement of the rotatable inputmechanism or detecting a touch at a location corresponding to theaffordance representing the electronic messages application, the devicedisplays user interface screen 606, which includes an enlarged view ofthe affordance representing the electronic messages application 604. Inaccordance with some embodiments, in response to receiving the userinput representing movement of the rotatable input mechanism (e.g.,rotation in a first direction) or detecting a touch at a locationcorresponding to the affordance representing the electronic messagesapplication (e.g., at user interface screen 604), the device displays alanding screen 608 (e.g., the screen displayed when the applicationstarts or the screen displayed after the application initializes) of theelectronic messages application. In some examples, if the user rotatesthe rotatable input mechanism in a second direction (e.g., opposite tothe first direction) while at user interface screen 604, the device doesnot display the landing screen 608 in response to the rotation in thesecond direction.

In FIG. 6A, the affordance representing the electronic messagesapplication 604 on user interface screen 606 includes an indication of anumber of unread electronic messages (e.g., the icon includes the numberof unread messages) of the electronic messages application. In thisexample, the affordance representing the electronic messages application604 indicates that the electronic messages application includes threeunread electronic messages (e.g., “3 unread messages”). In other words,the affordance representing the electronic messages application 604includes an indication of a number of unread electronic messages (e.g.,the icon includes the number of unread text/SMS or iMessage® messages)of the electronic messages application. Alternatively, or in addition,the affordance representing the electronic messages application 604 mayindicate the number of unread conversations of the electronic messagesapplication. In some examples, if there are no unread messages (orunread conversations), there may not be any indication of the number ofunread messages (or conversations). In other words, the affordancerepresenting the electronic messages application 604 does not include anindication of a number of unread electronic messages (e.g., the icondoes not include the number of unread text/SMS or iMessage® messages,such as when the number of unread text/SMS or iMessage® messages iszero) of the electronic messages application.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device determines whether thereare a number of unread messages associated with the electronic messageapplication. In accordance with a determination that there is a numberof unread messages associated with the electronic message application,the device displays the affordance representing the electronic messageapplication 604 with an indication that a number of unread messages areassociated with the electronic message application. In accordance with adetermination that there is not a number of unread messages associatedwith the electronic message application, displaying the affordancerepresenting the electronic message application 604 without indicationthat there is a number of unread messages.

The device receives user input representing movement of the rotatableinput mechanism (e.g., rotation of the rotatable input mechanism in thefirst direction while the affordance representing the electronicmessages application 604 is substantially in the center of the display;the user activates the electronic messages application). In response toreceiving the user input representing the movement of the rotatableinput mechanism, the device displays a landing screen 608 (e.g., thescreen displayed when the application starts or the screen displayedafter the application initializes) of the electronic messagesapplication. In some examples, if the user rotates the rotatable inputmechanism in a second direction (e.g., opposite to the first direction)while at user interface screen 606, the device does not display thelanding screen 608 in response to the rotation in the second direction.

Alternatively, rather than receiving user input representing movement ofthe rotatable input mechanism, the device receives user input associatedwith the affordance representing the electronic messages application 604(e.g., the user activates the affordance 604 by touching the affordance604). In response to receiving the user input associated with theaffordance representing the electronic messages application 604, thedevice displays the landing screen 608 (e.g., the screen displayed whenthe application starts or the screen displayed after the applicationinitializes) of the electronic messages application.

At FIG. 6A, the landing screen 608 includes at least two affordances: aninbox affordance 610 and a compose affordance 612. In this example,inbox affordance 610 also includes an indication of the number of unreadmessages (e.g., “3”). In some embodiments, the inbox affordance 610 andthe compose affordance 612 are displayed concurrently. Thus, the usercan select between the inbox affordance 610 and the compose affordance612 on the landing screen 608. The inbox affordance 610, when activated,enables display of an electronic conversations inbox. The composeaffordance 612, when activated, enables a user to compose a newelectronic message. Generally, a user can activate an affordance orobject by using a finger tap on the displayed affordance or object.

Reviewing electronic messages (e.g., in the form of conversations)stored in the inbox and composing electronic messages are two frequentlyaccessed functions. Accordingly, providing concurrent access to thesetwo functions provides the user with efficient messages access. Thedevice receives user input associated with the landing screen 608 (e.g.,the user activates the inbox affordance 610 or the compose affordance612; generally, displayed items are associated with user inputs in acontextual manner, such as the user input being received at a locationon the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to the location of thedisplayed item on the display to activate the displayed item). Thus, aninput associated with a particular displayed affordance or object maybe, for example, a detected touch at the location of the displayedaffordance or object.

The device determines whether the user input associated with the landingscreen 608 represents a touch associated with the displayed inboxaffordance 610 or a touch associated with the displayed composeaffordance 612 (e.g., the devices determines whether the user activatesthe inbox affordance 610 or the compose affordance 612 by, for example,tapping on the affordance).

At FIG. 6A, in response to receiving the user input associated with thelanding screen 608 and in accordance with a determination that the userinput associated with the landing screen 608 represents a touchassociated with the displayed inbox affordance 610 (e.g., the usertapped on the inbox affordance 610), the device displays, on thedisplay, a list of electronic conversation objects 614A-B, includingelectronic conversation object 614A and 614B (e.g., the device displaysa messages inbox that includes different conversations). Thus, the inboxaffordance 610, when activated, causes display of the list of electronicconversation objects 614A-B.

At FIG. 6A, at user interface screen 614, the list of electronicconversation objects 614A-B includes electronic conversation objects614A and 614B. An electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A and 614B)may include one or more of: all or a portion of the name(s) (or phonenumbers) of the individuals who are included in the conversation (e.g.,senders and recipients, not including the user) associated with theelectronic conversation object (e.g., “Chris Lee” in object 614A, “JenJones” in object 614B), all or a portion of the body of the conversationassociated with the electronic conversation object (e.g., “Hey, are you”in object 614A, “Can you send” in object 614B), and the day and/or timestamp of a message associated with the electronic conversation object(e.g., “2 min ago” for object 614A, “7 min ago” for object 614B”, “3:02PM”, “Fri, 3:02 PM”). In some embodiments, the user can swipe up or downon the list of electronic conversation objects 614A-B to scroll throughthe list of electronic conversation objects 614A-B. In some embodiments,the user can rotate the rotatable input mechanism to scroll through thelist of electronic conversation objects 614A-B. Rotating the rotatableinput mechanism in a first direction causes the list to scroll up.Rotating the rotatable input mechanism in a second direction causes thelist to scroll down. The first direction is different than the seconddirection.

At FIG. 6A, in response to receiving the user input associated with thelanding screen 608 and in accordance with a determination that the userinput associated with the landing screen 608 represents a touchassociated the displayed compose affordance 612 (e.g., the useractivates the compose affordance 612), the device displays an interfacefor composing a new electronic message 616 (e.g., a user interface forentering a recipient and a message body for a new electronic message).Thus, the compose affordance 612, when activated, causes display of theinterface for composing a new electronic message 616.

Affordance 616A, when activated, enables a user to add recipients to thenew electronic message. Affordance 616B, when activated, enables a userto add a text to the body. Affordance 616C, when enabled and activated,causes the new electronic message to be transmitted to the recipients.

Returning to user interface screen 614, the user can access multiplefeatures of the electronic messages application. In accordance with someembodiments, the device receives user input representing a touchassociated with an electronic conversation object 614B of the list ofelectronic conversation objects 614A-B. In response to receiving userinput representing the touch associated with an electronic conversationobject 614B of the list of electronic conversation objects, the devicedisplays, on the display, an electronic conversation 618A-B (e.g.,messages sent to a recipient and messages received from the recipient)associated with the electronic conversation object 614B, as illustratedin user interface screen 618 of FIG. 6B. Thus, object 614B, whenactivated, causes display of an electronic conversation 618A-B.

At FIG. 6B, the electronic conversation 618A-B includes electronicmessages 618A and 618B. In some embodiments, the user can swipe up ordown to scroll the electronic conversation 618A-B. In some embodiments,the user can rotate the rotatable input mechanism to scroll theelectronic conversation 618A-B. Rotating the rotatable input mechanismin a first direction causes the electronic conversation to scroll up.Rotating the rotatable input mechanism in a second direction causes theelectronic conversation to scroll down. The first direction is differentthan the second direction.

In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device may receive aset of images for display in an electronic conversation (e.g., anotherdevice sends a text message that includes two images, or sends twoconcurrent text messages, each with a separate image to the electronicdevice). The electronic device determines whether the set of imagesincludes more than a single image. In accordance with a determinationthat the set of images includes more than the single image, theelectronic device displays a first thumbnail of a first image of the setof images and a second thumbnail (e.g., different from the firstthumbnail) of a second image of the set of images (e.g., first displaysthumbnails of the images while it processes and/or receives the fullimages. After processing and/or receiving the full images, theelectronic device may display the first image and the second image, suchas by replacing display of the corresponding thumbnail with display ofthe corresponding image). In accordance with a determination that theset of images includes a single image, the electronic device displaysthe single image. Thus, when multiple images are received, theelectronic device can display the thumbnails of the images more quickly,as compared to waiting to display the full images. When a single imageis received, the electronic device can wait for the full image to bereceived and/or processed before displaying the full image.

In accordance with some embodiments, while displaying user interfacescreen 618 the device receives user input representing a substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe right gesture originating at aleft bezel) on the electronic conversation 618A-B. In response toreceiving user input representing the substantially horizontal swipegesture (e.g., a swipe right gesture originating at a left bezel) on theelectronic conversation 618A-B, the device replaces display of theelectronic conversation with the list of electronic conversation objects614A-B. In accordance with some embodiments, the user input representinga substantially horizontal swipe gesture is a user input representing asubstantially horizontal swipe gesture from a bezel of the electronicdevice (e.g., a swipe right gesture originating at a left bezel).

In accordance with some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface of theelectronic device is configured to detect intensity of touches (e.g.,using 524). The device receives user input representing a touch on theelectronic conversation 618A-B. The device determines whether acharacteristic intensity of the touch on the electronic conversation618A-B is above an intensity threshold (e.g., a hard press; intensitymay be measured based on pressure or determined based on the size of atouch). In response to receiving the user input representing the touchon the electronic conversation and in accordance with a determinationthat the characteristic intensity of the touch is above the intensitythreshold (e.g., a deep press; intensity may be measured based onpressure or determined based on the size of a touch), the devicedisplays, on the display, a first set of one or more affordances 620A-Dassociated with the electronic conversation, as illustrated in userinterface screen 620. Thus, electronic conversation 618A-B, whenactivated with a touch above the intensity threshold, causes display ofa contextual menu with affordances. A touch below the intensitythreshold on electronic conversation 618A-B will not cause display ofthe contextual menu with affordances. Instead, for example, a touchbelow the intensity threshold on electronic conversation 618A-B may beused to scroll the electronic conversation 618A-B, such as by touchingand swiping up or down.

In accordance with some embodiments, displaying the first set of one ormore affordances 620A-D associated with the electronic conversationcomprises replacing display of the electronic conversation 618A-B withdisplay of the first set of one or more affordances 620A-D associatedwith the electronic conversation.

In accordance with some embodiments, the first set of one or moreaffordances 620A-D associated with the electronic conversation includesone or more of: (1) an affordance associated with replying to theelectronic conversation 620A, (2) an affordance associated with markingthe electronic conversation as unread 620B, (3) an affordance associatedwith opening the electronic conversation on a second device 620C (e.g.,a phone, tablet, or computer), and (4) a first affordance associatedwith a cancel action associated with the electronic conversation 620D.

In accordance with some embodiments, the first set of one or moreaffordances may further include one or more of: (5) an affordance forstarting a new conversation (e.g., the affordance for starting a newconversation, when activated, causes display of user interface screen616) and (6) an affordance for muting a conversation (e.g., theaffordance, when activated, disables notifications related to newincoming messages in the conversation). When a conversation is alreadymuted, the affordance for muting the conversation provides an unmutefunctionality (e.g., the affordance, when activated, enablesnotifications related to new incoming messages in the conversation). Inone embodiment, when notifications are disabled for a conversation(e.g., the conversation is muted), one or more of visual, audible, andhaptic alerts normally performed (e.g., normally, as in when theconversation is not muted) at the electronic device in relationreceiving (or detecting) a new incoming message related to theconversation are not performed. This has the benefit of allowing a userto not be notified when incoming messages are received in relation to aconversation that, for example, includes many participates and is veryactive (such as several incoming messages every minute). Subsequently,when the user wants to again receive notifications related to the mutedconversation, the user can unmute the conversation. In one embodiment,when the user unmutes the conversation, the device performs one or moreof the previously unperformed notifications relating to messages thatwere received while the conversation was muted.

At FIG. 6D, in accordance with some embodiments, the device receivesuser input representing a substantially upward swipe gesture (e.g., aswipe up gesture) or rotation of the rotatable input mechanismassociated with the electronic conversation, as illustrated in userinterface screen 636. In response to receiving user input representingthe substantially upward swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe up gesture)associated with the electronic conversation, the device displays anaffordance associated with replying to the electronic conversation 636B.Thus, when the device detects a swipe up gesture at the electronicconversation, an affordance for replying to the conversation isdisplayed at the end of the displayed conversation (e.g., 636A).

At FIG. 6D, in accordance with some embodiments, the device receivesuser input representing a swipe gesture (e.g., a substantially upwardswipe gesture) or rotation of the rotatable input mechanism associatedwith the electronic conversation, as illustrated in user interfacescreen 637. In response to receiving user input representing the swipegesture (e.g., a substantially upward swipe gesture) associated with theelectronic conversation, the device displays a set of one or moreaffordances of suggested responses 637B-D (e.g., the device determinespotential responses to the last received message in the conversation andpresents the responses to the user as suggestions for selection), asillustrated in user interface 637 of FIG. 6D. For example, a tap on oneof the affordances (e.g., 637C) selects the corresponding suggestedresponse. In accordance with some embodiments, in response to receivinguser input representing the swipe gesture (e.g., a substantially upwardswipe gesture) associated with the electronic conversation, the devicealso displays an affordance associated with dictation 637F. In responseto receiving user input representing the touch associated with theaffordance associated with dictation 637F, the device displays adictation interface (e.g., 644, as illustrated in FIG. 6E). Inaccordance with some embodiments, in response to receiving user inputrepresenting the swipe gesture (e.g., a substantially upward swipegesture) associated with the electronic conversation, the device alsodisplays an affordance associated with emoji 637E. In response toreceiving user input representing the touch associated with theaffordance associated with emoji 637E, the device displays aninteractive graphical object 659A, such as illustrated in user interfacescreen 658 of FIG. 6F. For example, the interactive graphical object maybe a smiley face object, a thumbs up/down object, or the like. Thus,when the device detects a swipe up gesture at the electronicconversation, suggested affordances for replying to the conversation aredisplayed at the end of the displayed conversation, and optionally, anaffordance for dictating a response and an affordance for selecting anemoji are displayed at the end of the displayed conversation. Thus, someor all of the techniques of user interface screen 622 and 638 may beplaced in-line with the conversation.

Returning to user interface screen 620 of FIG. 6B, in accordance withsome embodiments, the device receives user input representing a touchassociated with the first affordance associated with the cancel action620D. In response to receiving user input representing the touchassociated with the first affordance associated with the cancel action,the device replaces display of the first set of one or more affordances620A-D with display of the electronic conversation 618A-B. Thus,affordance 620D, when activated, causes display of the electronicconversation 618A-B.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting a touch associated with the affordance associated withreplying to the electronic conversation 620A. In response to receivinguser input representing the touch associated with the affordanceassociated with replying to the electronic conversation 620A, the devicereplaces display of the first set of one or more affordances 620A-D witha second set of one or more affordances 622A-D associated with theelectronic conversation, as illustrated in user interface 622. Thus,affordance 620A, when activated, causes display of the second set of oneor more affordances 622A-D.

In accordance with some embodiments, the second set of affordances622A-D associated with the electronic conversation includes one or moreof (1) an affordance associated with smart response 622A, (2) anaffordance associated with emoji response 622C, (3) an affordanceassociated with dictation 622B, and (4) an affordance associated withkeyboard 622D.

Techniques for receiving user input related to smart responses,dictation, emoji, and keyboard may be found, for example, in relatedU.S. Provisional Patent Application entitled “USER INTERFACE FORRECEIVING USER INPUT,” filed on Sep. 2, 2014, naming Zambetti et al. asinventors, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein byreference.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting a touch associated with the affordance associated withsmart response 622A In response to receiving user input representing thetouch associated with the affordance associated with smart response, thedevice replaces display of the second set of one or more affordances622A-D with display of one or more suggested responses 638A-C (e.g., thedevice determines potential responses to the last received message inthe conversation and presents the responses to the user as suggestionsfor selection), as illustrated in user interface 638 of FIG. 6E.

In one example, the device determines whether a received messagecontains an interrogatory. This determination may be based on thedetermination that the received message contains the verbiage “are you”at the beginning of the received message and a question mark at the endof the received message. Based on determining that the received messagecontains an interrogatory, the one or more suggested responses mayinclude “yes,” “no,” and “maybe.”

In another example, the received message may state “beef or chicken?” Asbefore, the device may determine that the message contains aninterrogatory (based on at least the use of the question mark in themessage). In addition, the device may recognize the interrogatory is onethat contains alternative choices, based on the appearance of the word“or” in the received message. In this case, the device may parse thewords immediately before and after the word “or”. Accordingly, the oneor more suggested responses may include “beef” and “chicken”.

Techniques for determining suggested responses may be found, forexample, in related U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.62/005,958, entitled “Canned Answers in Messages,” filed May 30, 2014,the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

User interface screen 638 of FIG. 6E illustrates an example of one ormore suggested responses 638A-C. Affordance 638A may be selected torespond with “Yes, I will.” Affordance 638B may be selected to respondwith “No, I won't.” Affordance 638C may be selected to respond with“Later!” Note that the suggested responses may include, for example, oneor more of: frequently used responses of the user (e.g., responses thatwere previously used more than a predetermined number of times),preselected responses (e.g., responses that the user previously selectedto be made available), and intelligent responses determined by thedevice based on one or more of: the current date, location, andconversation text.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device transmits a selectedresponse directly in response to the user selection of the response. Forexample, the device receives user input representing a touch associatedwith a first suggested response 638C of the one or more suggestedresponses 638A-C. In response to receiving user input representing thetouch associated with the first suggested response 638C, the devicetransmits the first suggested response (e.g., as response information tothe other members of the conversation). Response information istransmitted to recipients, for example, (1) by direct wireless WiFicommunication with a WiFi-enabled router, (2) by direct wirelesscellular communication with a cellular base station, or (3) by using acompanion device (such as a cellular telephone or laptop) as anintermediary and requesting that the companion device transmit theresponse information. The companion device also includes auser-accessible electronic message application and may be configured foraccessing the electronic messages of the user of the electronic device.Once the reply is sent, a notification 640 indicating that the reply hasbeen sent is displayed. Thus, affordance 638C, when activated, causes areply message to be transmitted to the members of the current electronicconversation.

Once the response is transmitted in a conversation, the electronicconversation object 642A associated with that conversation is displayedat the top of the list of electronic conversation objects 642A-B, asillustrated in user interface screen 642. For example, user interfacescreen 640 displays for a predetermined amount of time before thedisplay is replaced with user interface screen 642A-B.

Alternatively, in accordance with some embodiments, the device adds thesuggested response to an electronic conversation, but does not transmitthe response to recipients until the user requests that the response betransmitted (e.g., by activating a send affordance). For example, thedevice receives user input representing a touch associated with a firstsuggested response 638C of the one or more suggested responses 638A-C.In response to receiving user input representing the touch associatedwith the first suggested response 638C, the device adds the firstsuggested response as response information for the electronicconversation (e.g., as illustrated in user interface 646 of FIG. 6E).

In accordance with some embodiments, at user interface screen 622, thedevice receives user input representing a touch associated with theaffordance associated with emoji response 622C. In response to receivinguser input representing the touch associated with the affordanceassociated with emoji response 622C, the device replaces display of thesecond set of one or more affordances 622A-D with display of aninteractive graphical object 659A, such as illustrated in user interfacescreen 658 of FIG. 6F. For example, the graphical item may be a smileyface object, a thumbs up/down object, or the like.

In accordance with some embodiments, the graphical object can be altered(e.g., manipulated) prior to sending the graphical object to therecipient(s) using send affordance 658B. For example, in response toreceiving a user input associated with the send affordance 658B, thedevice transmits the (user-altered) graphical object as the responseinformation to the recipient(s). Once the reply is transmitted, anotification 660 indicating that the reply has been sent is displayed,as illustrated in FIG. 6F.

In accordance with some embodiments, at user interface screen 622, thedevice receives user input representing a touch associated with theaffordance associated with dictation 622B. In response to receiving userinput representing the touch associated with the affordance associatedwith dictation 622B, the device replaces display of the second set ofone or more affordances 622A-D with display of a dictation interface644, as illustrated in FIG. 6E. In some examples, the waveform ofdictate interface 644 is animated so that it appears to emanate from aphysical button used to initiate the action, such as a hardware buttonor a rotatable input mechanism, of the electronic device. In someexamples, a microphone of the electronic device is enabled and thegraphic waveform display is based on audio input received at themicrophone. Automatic speech recognition to transcribe the audio inputcan happen at the device, at a remote device (such as a laptop, phone,or tablet wirelessly connected to the device using WiFi or bluetooth),or at a remote server (such as a server accessed over the Internet).Cancel affordance 644A can be used, for example, to end transcriptionand to transition the display back to user interface screen 622.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting speech. In response to receiving user input representingspeech, the device transcribes the user input representing speech (e.g.,the device records audio input at the device that represents content tobe sent in reply to the message). Transcribing the speech can be doneseveral ways, including: (1) locally, by the electronic device, (2)remotely, where the electronic device transmits (e.g., via WiFi orBluetooth) the user input representing speech (or data that is based onthe user input representing speech) to a companion device (e.g., acellular phone or laptop), the companion device locally transcribes theuser input, and the electronic device receives the transcribed speechfrom the companion device, (3) remotely, where the electronic devicetransmits (e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth) the user input representingspeech (or data that is based on the user input representing speech) toa server (e.g., a server connected over the Internet), the servertranscribes the user input, and the electronic device receives thetranscribed speech from the server (e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth), or (4)remotely, where the electronic device transmits (e.g., via WiFi orBluetooth) the user input representing speech (or data that is based onthe user input representing speech) to a companion device (e.g., acellular phone or laptop), the companion device transmits the user inputto a server, the server transcribes the user input, the companion devicereceives the transcribed speech from the server, and the electronicdevice receives the transcribed speech from the companion device. Thedevice adds the transcribed speech as response information for theelectronic conversation. For example, the transcription can be performedusing speech-to-text and/or automatic speech recognition using a virtualassistant. At user interface screen 646, the conversation 646A has beenupdated to reflect the addition of “Sure! I'll sent it soon.” in thefield 646B. Thus, the user can provide audio input to enter responseinformation for an electronic conversation. Send affordance 646C, whenenabled and activated, causes the response information (e.g., thetranscribed speech) to be transmitted to the recipient(s) of theconversation. Once the reply is sent, a notification 648 indicating thatthe reply has been sent is displayed.

An example of a virtual assistant is described in Applicants' U.S.Utility application Ser. No. 12/987,982 for “Intelligent AutomatedAssistant,” filed Jan. 10, 2011, the entire disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference.

Once the response is transmitted in a conversation, the electronicconversation object 656A associated with that conversation is displayedat the top of the list of electronic conversation objects 656A-B, asillustrated in user interface screen 656. For example, user interfacescreen 648 displays for a predetermined amount of time before thedisplay is replaced with user interface screen 656A-B.

In accordance with some embodiments, at user interface screen 622, thedevice receives user input representing a touch associated with theaffordance associated with keyboard 622D. In response to receiving userinput representing the touch associated with the affordance associatedwith the keyboard 622D, the device replaces display of the second set ofone or more affordances 622A-D with display of one or more keys of akeyboard (e.g. display a keyboard that allows user input to enter areply; the reply is the response information that will be sent to therecipient(s)), as illustrated in user interface screen 650 of FIG. 6E.Thus, affordance 622D, when activated, causes the display of a keyboardthat the user may use for inputting data, such as text.

In accordance with some embodiments, once keyboard input is received,the received keyboard input is added to the conversation. For example,at user interface screen 652, the conversation 652A has been updated toreflect the addition of “Sure! I'll sent it soon.” in the field 652B.Thus, the user can provide keyboard input to enter response informationfor an electronic conversation.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device determines whether theelectronic conversation includes response information (e.g., 646B,652B). In response to determining that the electronic conversationincludes response information, displaying an affordance associated withsending the response information 652C. For example, once the user hasentered a response into the response field, the send affordance 652Cbecomes enabled and is no longer grayed out. Prior to entering responseinformation into the response field, the send affordance 652C cannot beactivated. After entering response information into the response field,the send affordance 652C can be activated. When the send affordance 652Cis activated, the response information is transmitted to therecipient(s) and user interface screen 654 is displayed. User interfacescreen 654 is displayed for a predetermined amount of time before thedisplay is replaced with user interface screen 656A-B.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting a touch associated with the affordance associated withsending the response information (e.g., 652C, 646C). In response toreceiving user input representing the touch associated with theaffordance associated with sending the response information (e.g., 652C,646C), the device transmits the response information. For example, thedevice sends the response to the recipient(s) using text entered by theuser when the user presses the send affordance (e.g., 646C, 652C). Theresponse information is transmitted to recipients, for example, (1) bydirect wireless WiFi communication with a WiFi-enabled router, (2) bydirect wireless cellular communication with a cellular base station, or(3) by using a companion device (such as a cellular telephone or laptop)as an intermediary and requesting that the companion device transmit theresponse information. The companion device also includes auser-accessible electronic message application and may be configured foraccessing the electronic messages of the user of the electronic device.

Once the response is transmitted to the recipient(s) in a conversation,the electronic conversation object 656A associated with thatconversation is displayed at the top of the list of electronicconversation objects 656A-B, as illustrated in user interface screen656. For example, user interface screen 648 displays for a predeterminedamount of time before the display is replaced with user interface screen656A-B.

In accordance with some embodiments, at user interface screen 620, thedevice receives user input representing a touch associated with theaffordance associated with marking the electronic conversation as unread620B. In response to receiving user input representing the touchassociated with the affordance associated with marking the electronicconversation as unread 620B, the device replaces display of the firstset of one or more affordances 620A-D with display of the list ofelectronic conversation objects 634A-B, including an unread indicator634C (e.g., display the conversation with a circle to indicate theconversation is unread), as illustrated in user interface screen 634 ofFIG. 6D. For example, each conversation object 634A and 634B includes acircle indicator that indicates the corresponding conversations includeat least one unread message.

In accordance with some embodiments, at user interface screen 620, thedevice receives user input representing a touch associated with theaffordance associated with opening the electronic conversation on asecond device 620C (e.g., opening the electronic conversation on aphone, tablet, or computer). In response to receiving user inputrepresenting the touch associated with the affordance associated withopening the electronic conversation on a second device 620C, the devicecauses the electronic conversation to be displayed on a linked companiondevice (e.g., displaying the conversation on a phone, tablet, or laptopthat has been linked to the electronic device, such as through WiFi,Bluetooth). Thus, affordance 620C, when activated, causes the electronicconversation to be displayed on a linked device.

In accordance with some embodiments, at user interface screen 614, thedevice receives user input representing a substantially downward swipegesture (e.g., a swipe down gesture) associated with the list ofelectronic conversation objects (e.g., the inbox), as illustrated inuser interface screen 674 of FIG. 6H. In response to receiving userinput representing the substantially downward swipe gesture (e.g., aswipe down gesture) associated with the list of electronic conversationobjects 674A-B (e.g., on either 674A or 674B of the inbox), the devicedisplays an affordance associated with composing a new electronicmessage 676A, as illustrated in user interface screen 676. Thus, whenthe device detects a swipe down gesture at the list of electronicconversation objects, an affordance for composing a new electronicmessage is displayed at a location above the top of the list ofelectronic conversation objects. This allows a user to easily access theinterface for composing a new electronic message.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting a touch associated with the affordance associated withcomposing a new electronic message 676A. In response to receiving theuser input associated with the affordance associated with composing anew electronic message 676A, the device displays, on the display, theinterface for composing a new electronic message 616A-C (e.g., a userinterface for entering message recipient and body), as illustrated inuser interface screen 616.

In accordance with some embodiments, the interface for composing the newelectronic message comprises one or more of: (1) an affordanceassociated with adding recipient information to the new electronicmessage 616A, and (2) an affordance associated with adding responseinformation to the new electronic message 616B.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting a touch associated with the affordance associated withadding recipient information to the new electronic message 616A. Inresponse to receiving user input representing the touch associated withthe affordance associated with adding recipient information to the newelectronic message 616A, the device replaces display of the interfacefor composing the new electronic message 616A-C with display of a thirdset of one or more affordances 624A-C associated with the new electronicmessage (e.g. for selecting recipient using a recent, dictation, orkeyboard affordance), as illustrated in user interface screen 624 ofFIG. 6C.

In accordance with some embodiments, the third set of one or moreaffordances associated with the new electronic message includes one ormore of: (1) an affordance associated with recent contacts 624A, (2) anaffordance associated with dictation 624B, and (3) an affordanceassociated with keyboard 624C.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting a touch associated with the affordance associated withrecent contacts 624A. In response to receiving user input representingthe touch associated with the affordance associated with recent contacts624A, the device replaces display of the third set of one or moreaffordances 624A-C with display of one or more recent contactaffordances 626A-C. For example, the device displays a list of contactsrecently contacted (either incoming or outgoing, through audio call,messages, electronic mail, etc) for user selection as a recipient of thenew electronic message. Thus, affordance 624A, when activated, causesdisplay of affordances for recently contacted contacts.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting a touch associated with a recent contact affordance 626B ofthe one or more recent contact affordances 626A-C. In this example, userinterface screen 626 includes recent contact affordance 626A (“MikeSmith”), recent contact affordance 626B (“Jen Jones”), and recentcontact affordance 626C (“JT White”). The recent contact affordance 626Bis associated with contact information (e.g., a phone number, emailaddress, or username). For example, the information is stored on theelectronic device and is also accessible through a contacts application.In response to receiving user input representing the touch associatedwith the recent contact affordance 626B, the device adds the contactinformation (e.g., the phone number, email address, or username) asrecipient information to the new electronic message. For example, when acontact has more than one contact information associated with thecontact, the device may use the default contact information as therecipient information for the new electronic message. Thus, the contactaffordance 626B, when activated, causes contact information to be addedto the new electronic message.

After selection of a recipient using user interface screen 626, userinterface screen 632 is displayed, including (1) the affordanceassociated with adding recipient information to the new electronicmessage 632A, and (2) the affordance associated with adding responseinformation to the new electronic message 632B. In user interface screen632, because a recipient has been selected, the affordance 632A providesan indication of the recipient(s). In user interface screen 632, becausethere is no response information (e.g., message body), affordance 632Bdoes not display response information. In user interface screen 632,affordance 632C is not enabled (and therefore cannot be activated by theuser) because the new electronic message does not include both arecipient and body (e.g., recipient information and responseinformation). Thus, affordance 632C may be grayed out until the devicedetermines that the new electronic message includes both recipientinformation and body information.

In accordance with some embodiments, at user interface screen 624, thedevice receives user input representing a touch associated with theaffordance associated with dictation 624B. In response to receiving userinput representing the touch associated with the affordance associatedwith dictation 624B, the device replaces display of the third set of oneor more affordances 624A-C with display of a dictation interface 628. Insome examples, the waveform of dictate interface 628 is animated so thatit appears to emanate from a physical button, such as a hardware buttonor a rotatable input mechanism, of the electronic device. In someexamples, a microphone of the electronic device is enabled and thegraphic waveform display is based on audio input received at themicrophone. Automatic speech recognition to transcribe the audio inputcan happen at the device, at a remote device (such as a laptop, phone,or tablet wirelessly connected to the device using WiFi or bluetooth),or at a remote server (such as a server accessed over the Internet).Cancel affordance 628A can be used, for example, to endtranscription/audio recording and to transition the display back to userinterface screen 624.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting recipient speech. In response to receiving user inputrepresenting recipient speech, the device transcribes the user inputrepresenting recipient speech. Transcribing the speech can be doneseveral ways, including: (1) locally, by the electronic device, (2)remotely, where the electronic device transmits (e.g., via WiFi orBluetooth) the user input representing speech (or data that is based onthe user input representing speech) to a companion device (e.g., acellular phone or laptop), the companion device locally transcribes theuser input, and the electronic device receives the transcribed speechfrom the companion device, (3) remotely, where the electronic devicetransmits (e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth) the user input representingspeech (or data that is based on the user input representing speech) toa server (e.g., a server connected over the Internet), the servertranscribes the user input, and the electronic device receives thetranscribed speech from the server (e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth), or (4)remotely, where the electronic device transmits (e.g., via WiFi orBluetooth) the user input representing speech (or data that is based onthe user input representing speech) to a companion device (e.g., acellular phone or laptop), the companion device transmits the user inputto a server, the server transcribes the user input, the companion devicereceives the transcribed speech from the server, and the electronicdevice receives the transcribed speech from the companion device. Inresponse to receiving user input representing recipient speech, thedevice adds the transcribed recipient speech as recipient information tothe new electronic message. Thus, when dictation mode is enabled, theuser can speak the name or contact information of a recipient and thedevice will transcribe the spoken name or contact information.

After selection of a recipient using user interface screen 628, userinterface screen 632 is displayed, including (1) the affordanceassociated with adding recipient information to the new electronicmessage 632A, and (2) the affordance associated with adding responseinformation to the new electronic message 632B. In user interface screen632, because a recipient has been selected, the affordance 632A providesan indication of the recipient(s). In user interface screen 632, becausethere is no response information (e.g., message body), affordance 632Bdoes not display response information. In user interface screen 632,affordance 632C is not enabled (and therefore cannot be activated by theuser) because the new electronic message does not include both arecipient and body (e.g., recipient information and responseinformation). Thus, affordance 632C may be grayed out until the devicedetermines that the new electronic message includes both recipientinformation and body information.

In accordance with some embodiments, at user interface screen 624, thedevice receives user input representing a touch associated with theaffordance associated with keyboard 624C. In response to receiving userinput representing the touch associated with the affordance associatedwith keyboard 624C, the device replaces display of the third set of oneor more affordances 624A-C with display of one or more keys of akeyboard (e.g. display a keyboard that allows user input to enterrecipient information), as illustrated in FIG. 630 .

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting keyboard input using the one or more keys of the keyboardof user interface screen 630. The user input representing keyboard inputassociated with contact information (e.g., the user enters all or aportion of an email address, phone number, or a name linked to an emailaddress or phone number using the keyboard). In response to receivinguser input representing the keyboard input, the device adds the contactinformation (e.g., the phone number, email address, or username) asrecipient information to the new electronic message. Thus, the user canenter select a recipient using user interface screen 630.

After selection of a recipient using user interface screen 630, userinterface screen 632 is displayed, including (1) the affordanceassociated with adding recipient information to the new electronicmessage 632A, and (2) the affordance associated with adding responseinformation to the new electronic message 632B. In user interface screen632, because a recipient has been selected, the affordance 632A providesan indication of the recipient(s). In user interface screen 632, becausethere is no response information (e.g., message body), affordance 632Bdoes not display response information. In user interface screen 632,affordance 632C is not enabled (and therefore cannot be activated by theuser) because the new electronic message does not include both arecipient and body (e.g., recipient information and responseinformation). Thus, affordance 632C may be grayed out until the devicedetermines that the new electronic message includes both recipientinformation and body information.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives datarepresenting a touch associated with the affordance associated withadding response information to the new electronic message 632B. Inresponse to receiving data representing the touch associated with theaffordance associated with adding response information to the newelectronic message 632B, the device replaces display of the interfacefor composing the new electronic message 632A-C with display of a fourthset of one or more affordances 662A-C associated with the new electronicmessage (e.g. for selecting recipient using a recent, dictation, orkeyboard affordance). Thus, affordance 632B, when activated, causesdisplay of the fourth set of one or more affordances 662A-C.

In accordance with some embodiments, the fourth set of affordancesassociated with the electronic message includes one or more of: (1) anaffordance associated with emoji response 662B, (2) an affordanceassociated with dictation 662A, and (3) an affordance associated withkeyboard 662C.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting a touch associated with the affordance associated withemoji response 662B. In response to receiving user input representingthe touch associated with the affordance associated with emoji response,the device replaces display of the fourth set of one or more affordances662A-C with display of an interactive graphical object 666A, asillustrated in user interface screen 666 of FIG. 6G. For example, thegraphical item may be a smiley face object, a thumbs up/down object, orthe like.

In accordance with some embodiments, the graphical object can be altered(e.g., manipulated) prior to adding the graphical object to the newelectronic message using select affordance 666B. For example, inresponse to receiving a user input associated with the select affordance666B, the device adds the (user-altered) graphical object as theresponse information to new electronic message. Once the new electronicmessage is transmitted, a notification 672 indicating that the newelectronic message has been sent is displayed.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting a touch associated with the affordance associated withdictation 662A. In response to receiving user input representing thetouch associated with the affordance associated with dictation 662A, thedevice replaces display of the fourth set of one or more affordances662A-C with display of a dictation interface 664. In some examples, thewaveform of dictate interface 664 is animated so that it appears toemanate from a physical button associated with causing the action, suchas a hardware button or a rotatable input mechanism, of the electronicdevice. In some examples, a microphone of the electronic device isenabled and the graphic waveform display is based on audio inputreceived at the microphone. Automatic speech recognition to transcribethe audio input can happen at the device, at a remote device (such as alaptop, phone, or tablet wirelessly connected to the device using WiFior bluetooth), or at a remote server (such as a server accessed over theInternet). Cancel affordance 664A can be used, for example, to endtranscription/audio recording and to transition the display back to userinterface screen 662.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting speech. In response to receiving user input representingspeech, the device transcribes the user input representing speech.Transcribing the speech can be done several ways, including: (1)locally, by the electronic device, (2) remotely, where the electronicdevice transmits (e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth) the user inputrepresenting speech (or data that is based on the user inputrepresenting speech) to a companion device (e.g., a cellular phone orlaptop), the companion device locally transcribes the user input, andthe electronic device receives the transcribed speech from the companiondevice, (3) remotely, where the electronic device transmits (e.g., viaWiFi or Bluetooth) the user input representing speech (or data that isbased on the user input representing speech) to a server (e.g., a serverconnected over the Internet), the server transcribes the user input, andthe electronic device receives the transcribed speech from the server(e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth), or (4) remotely, where the electronicdevice transmits (e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth) the user inputrepresenting speech (or data that is based on the user inputrepresenting speech) to a companion device (e.g., a cellular phone orlaptop), the companion device transmits the user input to a server, theserver transcribes the user input, the companion device receives thetranscribed speech from the server, and the electronic device receivesthe transcribed speech from the companion device). In response toreceiving user input representing speech, the device adds thetranscribed speech as response information (e.g., the body of themessage) for the new electronic message. Thus, when dictation mode isenabled, the user can speak the contents of the message body. Affordance664A, when activated, causes the device to cancel thetranscription/recording and return to user interface screen 662.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting a touch associated with the affordance associated withkeyboard 662C. In response to receiving user input representing thetouch associated with the affordance associated with the keyboard 662C,the device replaces display of the fourth set of one or more affordances662A-C with display of one or more keys of a keyboard (e.g. display akeyboard that allows user input to enter a response; the response is theresponse information that will be sent to the recipient(s)).

In accordance with some embodiments, the device determines whether thenew electronic message includes recipient information and responseinformation. In response to determining that the new electronic messageincludes recipient information and response information (e.g., both areentered by the user), the device displays an affordance associated withsending the new electronic message 670A. For example, once the user hasentered a recipient and a body, the affordance 670A becomes enabled andis no longer grayed out. Once enabled, the user can activate theaffordance 670A. When the affordance 670A is not enabled, the usercannot activate the affordance 670A.

In accordance with some embodiments, the device receives user inputrepresenting a touch associated with the affordance associated withsending the new electronic message 670A. In response to receiving userinput representing the touch associated with the affordance associatedwith sending the new electronic message (e.g., after the affordance 670Ahas been enabled), the device transmits the electronic message. Theresponse information is transmitted to recipients, for example, (1) bydirect wireless WiFi communication with a WiFi-enabled router, (2) bydirect wireless cellular communication with a cellular base station, or(3) by using a companion device (such as a cellular telephone or laptop)as an intermediary and requesting that the companion device transmit theresponse information. The companion device also includes auser-accessible electronic message application and may be configured foraccessing the electronic messages of the user of the electronic device).Once the message is sent, a notification 672 indicating that the messagehas been sent is displayed. Thus, affordance 670A, when activated,causes the message to be transmitted to the recipients of the newelectronic message.

In accordance with some embodiments, at FIG. 6A, the device receivesuser input representing a substantially horizontal swipe gesture (e.g.,a swipe left gesture) associated with an electronic conversation object614A of the list of electronic conversation objects 614A-B. In someembodiments, the swipe gesture originates at a bezel of the device. Inresponse to receiving user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated withthe electronic conversation object 614A of the list of electronicconversation objects 614A-B, the device determines whether the userinput representing the substantially horizontal swipe gesture (e.g., aswipe left gesture) associated with the electronic conversation object614A indicates the swipe gesture exceeds a first threshold (e.g., apartial swipe across the electronic conversation object) or exceeds asecond threshold (e.g., a full or 75% swipe across the electronicconversation object).

In response to receiving user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated withthe electronic conversation object 614A and in accordance with adetermination that the user input indicates the substantially horizontalswipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated with theelectronic conversation object exceeds the first threshold and does notexceed the second threshold, the device displays an affordance fordeleting an electronic conversation associated with the electronicconversation object 614A (e.g., the device displays an affordance fordeleting the electronic conversation when the user performs a swipe leftgesture across a small portion of the screen). In response to the usertapping on the affordance for deleting the electronic conversation, theelectronic conversation and the electronic conversation object aredeleted.

In response to receiving user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated withthe electronic conversation object 614A and in accordance with adetermination that the user input indicates the substantially horizontalswipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated with theelectronic conversation object exceeds the second threshold, the devicedeletes the electronic conversation associated with the electronicconversation object (e.g., the device deletes the conversation andremoves the conversation object without requiring additionalconfirmation from the user when the user performs a swipe left gestureacross a large portion of the screen).

In accordance with some embodiments, a partial swipe across anelectronic conversation object displays an affordance for muting theelectronic conversation and a full swipe across the electronicconversation object displays an affordance for deleting the electronicconversation (or, alternatively, a partial swipe displays an affordancefor deleting and a full swipe displays an affordance for muting theconversation). The device receives user input representing asubstantially horizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture)associated with an electronic conversation object 614A of the list ofelectronic conversation objects 614A-B, as illustrated in user interfacescreen 614. The device determines whether the user input representingthe substantially horizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture)associated with the electronic conversation object 614A indicates theswipe gesture exceeds a first threshold (e.g., a partial swipe acrossthe electronic conversation object) or exceeds a second threshold (e.g.,a full or 75% swipe across the electronic conversation object).

Related techniques are described in related U.S. Patent Application62/006,211, titled “Displaying Options, Assigning Notification, IgnoringMessages, and Simultaneous User Interface Displays In A MessagingApplication,” filed on Jun. 1, 2014, which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety.

In response to receiving user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated withthe electronic conversation object 614A and in accordance with adetermination that the user input indicates the substantially horizontalswipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated with theelectronic conversation object exceeds the first threshold and does notexceed the second threshold, the device displays an affordance formuting the electronic conversation associated with the electronicconversation object 614A (e.g., activating the mute affordance mutes theconversation by preventing/limiting notifications, as discussed indetail above). For example, electronic conversation object 614A slidesto the left and partially off of the display to make room for the muteaffordance.

In response to receiving user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated withthe electronic conversation object 614A and in accordance with adetermination that the user input indicates the substantially horizontalswipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated with theelectronic conversation object 614A exceeds the second threshold, thedevice displays an affordance for deleting an electronic conversationassociated with the electronic conversation object 614A. For example,electronic conversation object 614A slides to the left and partially offof the display to make room for the delete affordance. In response tothe user tapping on the delete affordance, the conversation associatedwith the delete affordance is deleted.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating method 700 for accessing,composing, and manipulating electronic messages in accordance with someembodiments. In some embodiments, method 700 may be performed at anelectronic device with a display (e.g., 112, 340, 504), atouch-sensitive surface (e.g., 112, 355, 504), and a rotatable inputmechanism (e.g., 506). Some operations in method 700 may be combined,the order of some operations may be changed, and some operations may beomitted.

In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., 112, 355, 504)is capable of detecting intensity of touch contacts. Exemplary devicesthat may perform method 700 include devices 100, 300, and 500 (FIGS. 1A,3, and 5A).

Method 700 provides an intuitive way to access, compose, and manipulateelectronic messages. The method reduces the cognitive burden on a userwhen using a device to read, send, or otherwise access or manipulateelectronic messages, thereby creating a more efficient human-machineinterface. For battery-operated computing devices, enabling a user toaccess electronic mail faster and more efficiently conserves power andincreases the time between battery charges.

At block 702, an affordance (e.g., 604) representing an electronicmessage application is displayed (e.g., an icon among a plurality oficons).

At block 704, user input representing movement of the rotatable inputmechanism is received (e.g., user starts the messages app by rotatingthe rotatable input mechanism). In some embodiments, the user inputreceived represents a detected contact on the touch-sensitive surface(e.g., 112, 355, 504) corresponding to the affordance representing theelectronic mail message application (e.g., the user taps on theaffordance 604 to start the messages application).

At block 706, in response to receiving the user input representing themovement of the rotatable input mechanism, a landing screen (e.g., 608;the screen displayed when the application starts or the screen theapplication reaches after initialization) of the electronic messageapplication is displayed. The landing screen (e.g., 608) includesdisplay of an inbox affordance (e.g., 610) and a compose affordance(e.g., 612). In some examples, the inbox affordance (e.g., 610) and acompose affordance (e.g., 612) are displayed concurrently.

At block 708, user input associated with the landing screen (e.g., 608)is received. For example, the user activates the inbox affordance (e.g.,610) or the compose affordance (e.g., 612). Generally, displayed itemsare associated with user inputs in a contextual manner, such as the userinput being received at a location on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,112, 355, 504) that corresponds to the location of the displayed item onthe display to activate the displayed item.

At block 710, it is determined whether the user input associated withthe landing screen represents a touch associated with the displayedinbox affordance or a touch associated with the displayed composeaffordance.

At block 712, in response to receiving the user input associated withthe landing screen and in accordance with a determination that the userinput associated with the landing screen represents a touch associatedwith the displayed inbox affordance, a list of electronic conversationobjects (e.g., 614A-B) is displayed (e.g., a message inbox that displaysdifferent conversations).

At block 714, in response to receiving the user input associated withthe landing screen and in accordance with a determination that the userinput associated with the landing screen represents a touch associatedthe displayed compose affordance, an interface for composing a newelectronic message is displayed (e.g., 616; a user interface forentering a recipient and message body for a new electronic message).

In accordance with some embodiments, the affordance representing theelectronic message application (e.g., 604) includes an indication of anumber of unread electronic messages (e.g., the icon includes the numberof unread text/SMS or iMessage® messages) of the electronic messageapplication.

In accordance with some embodiments, the affordance representing theelectronic message application (e.g., 604) does not include anindication of a number of unread electronic messages (e.g., the icondoes not include the number of unread text/SMS or iMessage® messages,such as when the number of unread text/SMS or iMessage® messages iszero) of the electronic message application.

In accordance with some embodiments, it is determined whether there area number of unread messages associated with the electronic messageapplication. In accordance with a determination that there is a numberof unread messages associated with the electronic message application,the affordance representing the electronic message application (e.g.,604) is displayed with an indication that a number of unread messagesare associated with the electronic message application. In accordancewith a determination that there is not a number of unread messagesassociated with the electronic message application, the affordancerepresenting the electronic message application (e.g., 604) is displayedwithout indication that there is a number of unread messages.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with an electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A, 614B) ofthe list of electronic conversation objects (e.g., 614A-B) is received.In response to receiving user input representing the touch associatedwith an electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A, 614B) of the list ofelectronic conversation objects (e.g., 614A-B), an electronicconversation (e.g., 618A-B) associated with the electronic conversationobject is displayed.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the electronic conversation (e.g., 618A-B) is received.For example, the touch may be a vertical swipe gesture in the up or downdirection. In response to receiving the touch associated with electronicconversation, the device displays an animation of the messages (e.g.,618A, 618B) of the electronic conversation scrolling in the direction ofthe received touch (e.g., the messages scroll up if the vertical swipegesture is in the up direction and the messages scroll down if thevertical swipe gesture is in the down direction). In some examples, themessages (e.g., 618A, 618B) scroll through a three-dimensional space. Insome examples, as the messages are moving in the upward direction, whena top message (e.g., 618A) reaches a predetermined height, the topmessage (e.g., 618A) begins to move away from the viewing user in thez-plane of the three-dimensional space, in addition to moving upwards.When the top message reaches the predetermined height, the rate of theupward movement of the top message reduces. As the bottom message (e.g.,618B) continues upwards, the top edge of the bottom message overlaps thebottom edge of the top message (e.g., because the upward movement of thetop message has slowed and the top message has moved back in thez-plane). In some examples, as the messages continue to scroll upwards,the top message disappears from the viewable screen by being partiallyoutside of the viewable screen and partially hidden (overlapped) by thebottom message.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing asubstantially horizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe right gestureoriginating at a left bezel) on the electronic conversation (e.g.,618A-B) is received. In response to receiving user input representingthe substantially horizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe right gestureoriginating at a left bezel) on the electronic conversation, display ofthe electronic conversation (e.g., 618A-B) is replaced with the list ofelectronic conversation objects (e.g., 614A-B).

In accordance with some embodiments, the user input representing asubstantially horizontal swipe gesture is a user input representing asubstantially horizontal swipe gesture from a bezel of the electronicdevice (e.g., a swipe right gesture originating at a left bezel).

In accordance with some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,112, 355, 504) is configured to detect intensity of touches. User inputrepresenting a touch on the electronic conversation (e.g., 618A-B) isreceived. It is determined whether a characteristic intensity of thetouch on the electronic conversation is above an intensity threshold(e.g., a hard press; intensity may be measured based on pressure ordetermined based on the size of a touch). In response to receiving theuser input representing the touch on the electronic conversation and inaccordance with a determination that the characteristic intensity of thetouch is above the intensity threshold (e.g., a deep press; intensitymay be measured based on pressure or determined based on the size of atouch), a first set of one or more affordances (e.g., 620A-D) associatedwith the electronic conversation is displayed.

In accordance with some embodiments, displaying the first set of one ormore affordances (e.g., 620A-D) associated with the electronicconversation comprises replacing display of the electronic conversation(e.g., 618A-B) with display of the first set of one or more affordances(e.g., 620A-D) associated with the electronic conversation.

In accordance with some embodiments, the first set of one or moreaffordances (e.g., 620A-D) associated with the electronic conversationincludes one or more of: an affordance associated with replying to theelectronic conversation (e.g., 620A), an affordance associated withmarking the electronic conversation as unread (e.g., 620B), anaffordance associated with opening the electronic conversation on asecond device (e.g., 620C; opening on a phone, tablet, or computer), anda first affordance associated with a cancel action associated with theelectronic conversation (e.g., 620D).

In accordance with some embodiments, the first set of one or moreaffordances (e.g., 620A-D) may further include one or more of: anaffordance for starting a new conversation (e.g., the affordance forstarting a new conversation, when activated, causes display of userinterface screen 616) and an affordance for muting a conversation (e.g.,the affordance, when activated, disables notifications related to newincoming messages in the conversation)

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing asubstantially upward swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe up gesture) associatedwith the electronic conversation (e.g., 618A-B) is received. In responseto receiving user input representing the substantially upward swipegesture (e.g., a swipe up gesture) associated with the electronicconversation, an affordance associated with replying to the electronicconversation (e.g., 636B) is displayed. Thus, when the device detects aswipe up gesture at the electronic conversation (e.g., 618A-B), anaffordance (e.g., 636B) for replying to the conversation is displayed.In some embodiments, in response to receiving user input representingthe substantially upward swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe up gesture)associated with the electronic conversation, an entry box is displayedfor entering content.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the first affordance associated with the cancel action(e.g., 620D) is received. In response to receiving user inputrepresenting the touch associated with the first affordance associatedwith the cancel action (e.g., 620D), display of the first set of one ormore affordances (e.g., 620A-D) is replaced with display of theelectronic conversation (e.g., 618A-B).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with replying to theelectronic conversation (e.g., 620A) is received. In response toreceiving user input representing the touch associated with theaffordance associated with replying to the electronic conversation(e.g., 620A), display of the first set of one or more affordances (e.g.,620A-D) is replaced with a second set of one or more affordances (e.g.,622A-D) associated with the electronic conversation.

In accordance with some embodiments, the second set of affordances(e.g., 622A-D) associated with the electronic conversation includes oneor more of: an affordance associated with smart response (e.g., 622A),an affordance associated with emoji response (e.g., 622C), an affordanceassociated with dictation (e.g., 622B), and an affordance associatedwith keyboard (e.g., 622D).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with smart response (e.g.,622A) is received. In response to receiving user input representing thetouch associated with the affordance associated with smart response(e.g., 622A), display of the second set of one or more affordances(e.g., 622A-D) is replaced with display of one or more suggestedresponses (e.g., 638A-C; the device determines potential responses tothe last received message in the conversation and presents the responsesto the user as suggestions for selection).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with a first suggested response (e.g., 638C) of the one ormore suggested responses (e.g., 638A-C) is received. In response toreceiving user input representing the touch associated with the firstsuggested response (e.g., 638C), the first suggested response istransmitted (e.g., send the response to the recipient(s) using textentered by the user when the user activates the send affordance). Theresponse information is transmitted to recipients, for example, (1) bydirect wireless WiFi communication with a WiFi-enabled router, (2) bydirect wireless cellular communication with a cellular base station, or(3) by using a companion device (such as a cellular telephone or laptop)as an intermediary and requesting that the companion device transmit theresponse information. The companion device also includes auser-accessible electronic message application and may be configured foraccessing the electronic messages of the user of the electronic device.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with a first suggested response (e.g., 638C) of the one ormore suggested responses (e.g., 638A-C) is received. In response toreceiving user input representing the touch associated with the firstsuggested response (e.g., 638C), the first suggested response is addedas response information for the electronic conversation.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with emoji response (e.g.,622C) is received. In response to receiving user input representing thetouch associated with the affordance associated with emoji response(e.g., 622C), display of the second set of one or more affordances(e.g., 622A-D) is replaced with display of an interactive graphicalobject (e.g. 658A; display a graphical object that can be altered priorto sending; the graphical object is the response information that willbe sent to the recipient(s)).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with dictation (e.g., 622B) isreceived. In response to receiving user input representing the touchassociated with the affordance associated with dictation (e.g., 622B),display of the second set of one or more affordances (e.g., 622A-D) isreplaced with display of a dictation interface (e.g. 644; enable amicrophone of the electronic device and display a graphic waveform basedon audio input received at the microphone; automatic speech recognitioncan happen at the device, at a remote device, or at a remote server).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing speech isreceived. In response to receiving user input representing speech, theuser input representing speech is transcribed. Transcribing the speechcan be done several ways, including: (1) locally, by the electronicdevice, (2) remotely, where the electronic device transmits (e.g., viaWiFi or Bluetooth) the user input representing speech (or data that isbased on the user input representing speech) to a companion device(e.g., a cellular phone or laptop), the companion device locallytranscribes the user input, and the electronic device receives thetranscribed speech from the companion device, (3) remotely, where theelectronic device transmits (e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth) the user inputrepresenting speech (or data that is based on the user inputrepresenting speech) to a server (e.g., a server connected over theInternet), the server transcribes the user input, and the electronicdevice receives the transcribed speech from the server (e.g., via WiFior Bluetooth), or (4) remotely, where the electronic device transmits(e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth) the user input representing speech (ordata that is based on the user input representing speech) to a companiondevice (e.g., a cellular phone or laptop), the companion devicetransmits the user input to a server, the server transcribes the userinput, the companion device receives the transcribed speech from theserver, and the electronic device receives the transcribed speech fromthe companion device. In response to receiving user input representingspeech, the transcribed speech is added as response information to theelectronic conversation.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with keyboard is received(e.g., 622D). In response to receiving user input representing the touchassociated with the affordance associated with the keyboard (e.g.,622D), display of the second set of one or more affordances (e.g.,622A-D) is replaced with display of one or more keys of a keyboard (e.g.650; display a keyboard that allows user input to enter a reply; thereply is the response information that will be sent to therecipient(s)).

In accordance with some embodiments, it is determined whether theelectronic conversation includes response information. In response todetermining that the electronic conversation includes responseinformation, an affordance associated with sending the responseinformation (e.g., 646C, 652C) is displayed (e.g., once the user hasentered a response into the response field, the send affordance becomesenabled and is no longer grayed out).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with sending the responseinformation (e.g., 646C, 652C) is received. In response to receivinguser input representing the touch associated with the affordanceassociated with sending the response information, the responseinformation is transmitted (e.g., send the response to the recipient(s)using text entered by the user when the user activates the sendaffordance). The response information is transmitted to recipients, forexample, (1) by direct wireless WiFi communication with a WiFi-enabledrouter, (2) by direct wireless cellular communication with a cellularbase station, or (3) by using a companion device (such as a cellulartelephone or laptop) as an intermediary and requesting that thecompanion device transmit the response information. The companion devicealso includes a user-accessible electronic message application and maybe configured for accessing the electronic messages of the user of theelectronic device.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with marking the electronicconversation as unread (e.g., 620B) is received. In response toreceiving user input representing the touch associated with theaffordance associated with marking the electronic conversation as unread(e.g., 620B), display of the first set of one or more affordances (e.g.,620A-D) is replaced with display of the list of electronic conversationobjects (e.g., 634A-D), including an unread indicator (e.g., 634C;display the conversation with a circle to indicate the conversation isunread).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with opening the electronicconversation on a second device (e.g., 620C; open on a phone, tablet, orcomputer) is received. In response to receiving user input representingthe touch associated with the affordance associated with opening theelectronic conversation on a second device (e.g., 620C), the electronicconversation (e.g., 618A-B) is caused to be displayed on a linkedcompanion device (e.g., displaying the conversation on a phone, tablet,or laptop that has been linked to the electronic device).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing asubstantially downward swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe down gesture)associated with the list of electronic conversation objects (e.g.,674A-B; the inbox) is received. In response to receiving user inputrepresenting the substantially downward swipe gesture (e.g., a swipedown gesture) associated with the list of electronic conversationobjects (e.g., 674A-B; the inbox), an affordance associated withcomposing a new electronic message (e.g., 676A) is displayed. Thus, whenthe device detects a swipe down gesture at the list of electronicconversation objects, an affordance for co

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with composing a newelectronic message (e.g., 676A) is received. In response to receivingthe user input associated with the affordance associated with composinga new electronic message (e.g., 676A), the interface for composing a newelectronic message (e.g., 616) is displayed (e.g., a user interface forentering message recipient and body).

In accordance with some embodiments, the interface for composing the newelectronic message (e.g., 616) comprises one or more of: an affordanceassociated with adding recipient information to the new electronicmessage (e.g., 616A) and an affordance associated with adding responseinformation to the new electronic message (e.g., 616B).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with adding recipientinformation to the new electronic message (e.g., 616A) is received. Inresponse to receiving user input representing the touch associated withthe affordance associated with adding recipient information to the newelectronic message (e.g., 616A), display of the interface for composingthe new electronic message (e.g., 616) is replaced with display of athird set of one or more affordances (e.g., 624A-C) associated with thenew electronic message (e.g. for selecting recipient using a recent,dictation, or keyboard affordance).

In accordance with some embodiments, the third set of one or moreaffordances (e.g., 624A-C) associated with the new electronic messageincludes one or more of: an affordance associated with recent contacts(e.g., 624A), an affordance associated with dictation (e.g., 624B), andan affordance associated with keyboard (e.g., 624C).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with recent contacts (e.g.,624A) is received. In response to receiving user input representing thetouch associated with the affordance associated with recent contacts(e.g., 624A), display of the third set of one or more affordances (e.g.,624A-C) is replaced with display of one or more recent contactaffordances (e.g., 626A-C). For example, displaying a list of contactsrecently contacted (incoming or outgoing) and receiving a selection of acontact to use as a recipient of the new message.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with a recent contact affordance (e.g., 626B) of the one ormore recent contact affordances (e.g., 626A-C) is received. The recentcontact affordance (e.g., 626B) is associated with contact information(e.g., a phone number, email address, or username). In response toreceiving user input representing the touch associated with the recentcontact affordance (e.g., 626B), the contact information is added asrecipient information to the new electronic message (e.g., use thedefault contact method as the recipient information for the newelectronic message).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with dictation is received(e.g., 624B). In response to receiving user input representing the touchassociated with the affordance associated with dictation (e.g., 624B),display of the third set of one or more affordances (e.g., 624A-C) isreplaced with display of a dictation interface (e.g. 628; enable amicrophone of the electronic device and display a graphic waveform basedon audio input received at the microphone).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing recipientspeech is received. In response to receiving user input representingrecipient speech, the user input representing recipient speech istranscribed. Transcribing the speech can be done several ways,including: (1) locally, by the electronic device, (2) remotely, wherethe electronic device transmits (e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth) the userinput representing speech (or data that is based on the user inputrepresenting speech) to a companion device (e.g., a cellular phone orlaptop), the companion device locally transcribes the user input, andthe electronic device receives the transcribed speech from the companiondevice, (3) remotely, where the electronic device transmits (e.g., viaWiFi or Bluetooth) the user input representing speech (or data that isbased on the user input representing speech) to a server (e.g., a serverconnected over the Internet), the server transcribes the user input, andthe electronic device receives the transcribed speech from the server(e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth), or (4) remotely, where the electronicdevice transmits (e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth) the user inputrepresenting speech (or data that is based on the user inputrepresenting speech) to a companion device (e.g., a cellular phone orlaptop), the companion device transmits the user input to a server, theserver transcribes the user input, the companion device receives thetranscribed speech from the server, and the electronic device receivesthe transcribed speech from the companion device. In response toreceiving user input representing recipient speech, the transcribedrecipient speech is added as recipient information to the new electronicmessage.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with keyboard (e.g., 624C) isreceived. In response to receiving user input representing the touchassociated with the affordance associated with keyboard (e.g., 624C),display of the third set of one or more affordances (e.g., 624A-C) isreplaced with display of one or more keys of a keyboard (e.g. 630;display a keyboard that allows the user input to enter recipientinformation).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing keyboardinput using the one or more keys of the keyboard (e.g., 630) isreceived. The user input representing keyboard input associated withcontact information (e.g., the user enters an email address, phonenumber, or a name linked to an email address or phone number using thekeyboard). In response to receiving user input representing the keyboardinput, the contact information (e.g., a phone number, email address, orusername) is added as recipient information to the new electronicmessage.

In accordance with some embodiments, data representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with adding responseinformation to the new electronic message (e.g., 632B; 616B) isreceived. In response to receiving data representing the touchassociated with the affordance associated with adding responseinformation to the new electronic message (e.g., 632B; 616B), display ofthe interface for composing the new electronic message (e.g., 632; 616)is replaced with display of a fourth set of one or more affordances(e.g., 662A-C) associated with the new electronic message (e.g. forselecting recipient using a recent, dictation, or keyboard affordance).

In accordance with some embodiments, the fourth set of affordances(e.g., 662A-C) associated with the electronic message includes one ormore of: an affordance associated with emoji response (e.g., 662A), anaffordance associated with dictation (e.g., 662B), and an affordanceassociated with keyboard (e.g., 662C).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with emoji response (e.g.,662A) is received. In response to receiving user input representing thetouch associated with the affordance associated with emoji response(e.g., 662A), display of the fourth set of one or more affordances(e.g., 662A-C) is replaced with display of an interactive graphicalobject (e.g. 666A; display a graphical object that can be altered priorto sending; the graphical object is the response information that willbe sent to the recipient(s)).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with dictation (e.g., 662B) isreceived. In response to receiving user input representing the touchassociated with the affordance associated with dictation (e.g., 662B),display of the fourth set of one or more affordances (e.g., 662A-C) isreplaced with display of a dictation interface (e.g. 664; enable amicrophone of the electronic device and display a graphic waveform basedon audio input received at the microphone; automatic speech recognitioncan happen at the device, at a remote device, or at a remote server).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing speech isreceived. In response to receiving user input representing speech, theuser input representing speech is transcribed. Transcribing the speechcan be done several ways, including: (1) locally, by the electronicdevice, (2) remotely, where the electronic device transmits (e.g., viaWiFi or Bluetooth) the user input representing speech (or data that isbased on the user input representing speech) to a companion device(e.g., a cellular phone or laptop), the companion device locallytranscribes the user input, and the electronic device receives thetranscribed speech from the companion device, (3) remotely, where theelectronic device transmits (e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth) the user inputrepresenting speech (or data that is based on the user inputrepresenting speech) to a server (e.g., a server connected over theInternet), the server transcribes the user input, and the electronicdevice receives the transcribed speech from the server (e.g., via WiFior Bluetooth), or (4) remotely, where the electronic device transmits(e.g., via WiFi or Bluetooth) the user input representing speech (ordata that is based on the user input representing speech) to a companiondevice (e.g., a cellular phone or laptop), the companion devicetransmits the user input to a server, the server transcribes the userinput, the companion device receives the transcribed speech from theserver, and the electronic device receives the transcribed speech fromthe companion device. In response to receiving user input representingspeech, the transcribed speech is added as response information to thenew electronic message.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with keyboard (e.g., 662C) isreceived. In response to receiving user input representing the touchassociated with the affordance associated with the keyboard (e.g.,662C), display of the fourth set of one or more affordances (e.g.,662A-C) is replaced with display of one or more keys of a keyboard (e.g.668; display a keyboard that allows user input to enter a response; theresponse is the response information that will be sent to therecipient(s)).

In accordance with some embodiments, it is determined whether the newelectronic message includes recipient information and responseinformation. In response to determining that the new electronic messageincludes recipient information and response information, an affordanceassociated with sending the new electronic message (e.g., 670A) isdisplayed (e.g., once the user has entered a recipient and a response,the send affordance becomes enabled and is no longer grayed out).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with sending the newelectronic message (e.g., 670A) is received. In response to receivinguser input representing the touch associated with the affordanceassociated with sending the new electronic message (e.g., 670A), theelectronic message is transmitted (e.g., send the message to therecipient(s) using text entered by the user when the user presses thesend affordance). The response information is transmitted to recipients,for example, (1) by direct wireless WiFi communication with aWiFi-enabled router, (2) by direct wireless cellular communication witha cellular base station, or (3) by using a companion device (such as acellular telephone or laptop) as an intermediary and requesting that thecompanion device transmit the response information. The companion devicealso includes a user-accessible electronic message application and maybe configured for accessing the electronic messages of the user of theelectronic device.

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing asubstantially horizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture)associated with an electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A) of thelist of electronic conversation objects (e.g., 614A-B) is received. Insome embodiments, the swipe gesture originates at a bezel of the device.In response to receiving user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated withthe electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A) of the list ofelectronic conversation objects (e.g., 614A-B), it is determined whetherthe user input representing the substantially horizontal swipe gesture(e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated with the electronic conversationobject (e.g., 614A) indicates the swipe gesture exceeds a firstthreshold (e.g., a partial swipe across the electronic conversationobject) or exceeds a second threshold (e.g., a full or 75% swipe acrossthe electronic conversation object).

In response to receiving user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated withthe electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A) and in accordance with adetermination that the user input indicates the substantially horizontalswipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated with theelectronic conversation object exceeds the first threshold and does notexceed the second threshold, an affordance for deleting an electronicconversation associated with the electronic conversation object (e.g.,614A) is displayed (e.g., the device displays an affordance for deletingthe electronic conversation when the user performs a swipe left gestureacross a small portion of the screen). In response to the user tappingon the affordance for deleting the electronic conversation, theelectronic conversation and the electronic conversation object aredeleted.

In response to receiving user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated withthe electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A) and in accordance with adetermination that the user input indicates the substantially horizontalswipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated with theelectronic conversation object exceeds the second threshold, theelectronic conversation associated with the electronic conversationobject is deleted (e.g., the device deletes the conversation and removesthe conversation object without requiring additional confirmation fromthe user when the user performs a swipe left gesture across a largeportion of the screen).

In accordance with some embodiments, user input representing asubstantially horizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture)associated with an electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A) of thelist of electronic conversation objects (e.g., 614A-B) is received. Itis determined whether the user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated withthe electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A) indicates the swipegesture exceeds a first threshold (e.g., a partial swipe across theelectronic conversation object) or exceeds a second threshold (e.g., afull or 75% swipe across the electronic conversation object).

In response to receiving user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated withthe electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A) and in accordance with adetermination that the user input indicates the substantially horizontalswipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated with theelectronic conversation object exceeds the first threshold and does notexceed the second threshold, an affordance for muting the electronicconversation associated with the electronic conversation object (e.g.,614A) is displayed (e.g., activating the mute affordance mutes theconversation by preventing/limiting notifications, as discussed indetail above).

In response to receiving user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated withthe electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A) and in accordance with adetermination that the user input indicates the substantially horizontalswipe gesture (e.g., a swipe left gesture) associated with theelectronic conversation object (e.g., 614A) exceeds the secondthreshold, an affordance for deleting an electronic conversationassociated with the electronic conversation object (e.g., 614A) isdisplayed. In response to the user tapping on the delete affordance, theconversation associated with the delete affordance is deleted.

Note that details of the processes described above with respect tomethod 700 (FIG. 7 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to themethods described below. For example, method 800 (FIG. 8 ) may includeone or more of the characteristics of the various methods describedabove with reference to method 700. For brevity, these details are notrepeated below.

It should be understood that the particular order in which theoperations in FIG. 7 have been described is exemplary and not intendedto indicate that the described order is the only order in which theoperations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art wouldrecognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein, aswell as excluding certain operations. For brevity, these details are notrepeated here. Additionally, it should be noted that aspects of method700 (FIG. 7 ) and method 800 (FIG. 8 ) may be incorporated with oneanother. Thus, the techniques described with respect to method 700 maybe relevant to method 800.

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating process 800 for accessing,composing, and manipulating electronic messages in accordance with someembodiments. In some embodiments, method 800 may be performed at anelectronic device with a display (e.g., 112, 340, 504), atouch-sensitive surface (e.g., 112, 355, 504), and a rotatable inputmechanism (e.g., 506). Some operations in method 800 may be combined,the order of some operations may be changed, and some operations may beomitted.

In some embodiments, process 800 may be performed at a touch-sensitivesurface is capable of detecting intensity of touch contacts. Exemplarydevices that may perform process 800 include devices 100, 300, and 500(FIGS. 1, 3, and 5 ).

At block 802, an affordance (e.g., 604) representing an electronicmessage application is displayed (e.g., an icon among a plurality oficons).

At block 804, user input representing movement of the rotatable inputmechanism is received (e.g., user starts the messages app by rotatingthe rotatable input mechanism). In some embodiments, the user inputreceived represents a detected contact on the touch-sensitive surface(e.g., 112, 355, 504) corresponding to the affordance representing theelectronic messages application (e.g., the user taps on the affordance604 to start the electronic messages application).

At block 806, in response to receiving the user input representing themovement of the rotatable input mechanism, a landing screen (e.g., 608;the screen displayed when the application starts or the screen theapplication reaches after initialization) of the electronic messageapplication is displayed. The landing screen (e.g., 608) includesdisplay of an inbox affordance (e.g., 610) and a compose affordance(e.g., 612). In some examples, the inbox affordance (e.g., 610) and acompose affordance (e.g., 612) are displayed concurrently.

At block 808, user input associated with the landing screen (e.g., 608)is received. For example, the user activates the inbox affordance (e.g.,610) or the compose affordance (e.g., 612). Generally, displayed itemsare associated with user inputs in a contextual manner, such as the userinput being received at a location on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,112, 355, 504) that corresponds to the location of the displayed item onthe display to activate the displayed item.

At block 810, it is determined whether the user input associated withthe landing screen represents a touch associated with the displayedinbox affordance or a touch associated with the displayed composeaffordance.

At block 812, in response to receiving the user input associated withthe landing screen and in accordance with a determination that the userinput associated with the landing screen represents a touch associatedwith the displayed inbox affordance, a list of electronic conversationobjects (e.g., 614A-B) is displayed (e.g., a message inbox that displaysdifferent conversations).

At block 814, in response to receiving the user input associated withthe landing screen and in accordance with a determination that the userinput associated with the landing screen represents a touch associatedthe displayed compose affordance, an interface for composing a newelectronic message is displayed (e.g., 616; a user interface forentering a recipient and message body for a new electronic message).

In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 9 shows an exemplaryfunctional block diagram of an electronic device 900 configured inaccordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. Inaccordance with some embodiments, the functional blocks of electronicdevice 900 are configured to perform the techniques described above. Thefunctional blocks of the device 900 are, optionally, implemented byhardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carryout the principles of the various described examples. It is understoodby persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described inFIG. 9 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks toimplement the principles of the various described examples. Therefore,the description herein optionally supports any possible combination orseparation or further definition of the functional blocks describedherein.

As shown in FIG. 9 , an electronic device 900 includes a display unit902 configured to display a graphic user interface, a touch-sensitivesurface unit 904 configured to receive contacts, a rotatable inputmechanism unit 906 configured to receive user input, and a processingunit 908 coupled to the display unit 902, the touch-sensitive surfaceunit 904, and the rotatable input mechanism unit 906. In someembodiments, the processing unit 908 includes a display enabling unit910, a receiving unit 912, a determining unit 914, a content adding unit916, a display replace enabling unit 918, a transcribing unit 920, acausing unit 922, and a transmitting unit 924.

The processing unit 908 is configured to display (e.g., using displayenabling unit 910), on the display unit 902, an affordance representingan electronic message application; receive (e.g., using receiving unit912) user input representing movement of the rotatable input mechanismunit; and in response to receiving the user input representing themovement of the rotatable input mechanism unit, display (e.g. usingdisplay enabling unit 910) a landing screen of the electronic messageapplication, wherein the landing screen includes display of an inboxaffordance and a compose affordance. The processing unit 908 is furtherconfigured to receive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user inputassociated with the landing screen. The processing unit 908 is furtherconfigured to determine (e.g., using determining unit 914) whether theuser input associated with the landing screen represents a touchassociated with the displayed inbox affordance or a touch associatedwith the displayed compose affordance. The processing unit 908 isfurther configured to, in response to receiving the user inputassociated with the landing screen and in accordance with adetermination that the user input associated with the landing screenrepresents a touch associated with the displayed inbox affordance,display (e.g. using display enabling unit 910), on the display unit 902,a list of electronic conversation objects. The processing unit 908 isfurther configured to, in response to receiving the user inputassociated with the landing screen and in accordance with adetermination that the user input associated with the landing screenrepresents a touch associated the displayed compose affordance, display(e.g. using display enabling unit 910), on the display unit 902, aninterface for composing a new electronic message.

In some embodiments, the affordance representing the electronic messageapplication includes an indication of a number of unread electronicmessages of the electronic message application. In some embodiments, theaffordance representing the electronic message application does notinclude an indication of a number of unread electronic messages of theelectronic message application.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured todetermine (e.g., using determining unit 914) whether there are a numberof unread messages associated with the electronic message application.The processing unit 908 is further configured to, in accordance with adetermination that there is a number of unread messages associated withthe electronic message application, display (e.g. using display enablingunit 910) the affordance representing the electronic message applicationwith an indication that a number of unread messages are associated withthe electronic message application. The processing unit 908 is furtherconfigured to, in accordance with a determination that there is not anumber of unread messages associated with the electronic messageapplication, display (e.g. using display enabling unit 910) theaffordance representing the electronic message application withoutindication that there is a number of unread messages.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with an electronic conversation object of the list ofelectronic conversation objects, and, in response to receiving userinput representing the touch associated with an electronic conversationobject of the list of electronic conversation objects, display (e.g.using display enabling unit 910), on the display unit 902, an electronicconversation associated with the electronic conversation object.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing asubstantially horizontal swipe gesture on the electronic conversation,and, in response to receiving user input representing the substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture on the electronic conversation, replace display(e.g., using display replace enabling unit 918) of the electronicconversation with the list of electronic conversation objects.

In some embodiments, the user input representing a substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture is a user input representing a substantiallyhorizontal swipe gesture from a bezel of the electronic device.

In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface unit 904 is configuredto detect intensity of touches. The processing unit 908 is furtherconfigured to receive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user inputrepresenting a touch on the electronic conversation. The processing unit908 is further configured to determine (e.g., using determining unit914) whether a characteristic intensity of the touch on the electronicconversation is above an intensity threshold, and, in response toreceiving the user input representing the touch on the electronicconversation and in accordance with a determination that thecharacteristic intensity of the touch is above the intensity threshold,display (e.g. using display enabling unit 910), on the display unit 902,a first set of one or more affordances associated with the electronicconversation.

In some embodiments, displaying the first set of one or more affordancesassociated with the electronic conversation comprises replacing displayof the electronic conversation with display of the first set of one ormore affordances associated with the electronic conversation.

In some embodiments, the first set of one or more affordances associatedwith the electronic conversation includes one or more of: an affordanceassociated with replying to the electronic conversation, an affordanceassociated with marking the electronic conversation as unread, anaffordance associated with opening the electronic conversation on asecond device, and a first affordance associated with a cancel actionassociated with the electronic conversation.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing asubstantially upward swipe gesture associated with the electronicconversation, and, in response to receiving user input representing thesubstantially upward swipe gesture associated with the electronicconversation, display (e.g. using display enabling unit 910) anaffordance associated with replying to the electronic conversation.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the first affordance associated with the cancel action,and, in response to receiving user input representing the touchassociated with the first affordance associated with the cancel action,replace display (e.g., using display replace enabling unit 918) of thefirst set of one or more affordances with display of the electronicconversation.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with replying to theelectronic conversation, and, in response to receiving user inputrepresenting the touch associated with the affordance associated withreplying to the electronic conversation, replace display (e.g., usingdisplay replace enabling unit 918) of the first set of one or moreaffordances with a second set of one or more affordances associated withthe electronic conversation.

In some embodiments, the second set of affordances associated with theelectronic conversation includes one or more of: an affordanceassociated with smart response, an affordance associated with emojiresponse, an affordance associated with dictation, and an affordanceassociated with keyboard.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with smart response, and, inresponse to receiving user input representing the touch associated withthe affordance associated with smart response, replace display (e.g.,using display replace enabling unit 918) of the second set of one ormore affordances with display of one or more suggested responses.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with a first suggested response of the one or more suggestedresponses, and, in response to receiving user input representing thetouch associated with the first suggested response, transmit (e.g.,using transmitting unit 924) the first suggested response.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with a first suggested response of the one or more suggestedresponses, and, in response to receiving user input representing thetouch associated with the first suggested response, add (e.g., usingcontent adding unit 916) the first suggested response as responseinformation for the electronic conversation.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with emoji response, and, inresponse to receiving user input representing the touch associated withthe affordance associated with emoji response, replace display (e.g.,using display replace enabling unit 918) of the second set of one ormore affordances with display of an interactive graphical object.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with dictation, and, inresponse to receiving user input representing the touch associated withthe affordance associated with dictation, replace display (e.g., usingdisplay replace enabling unit 918) of the second set of one or moreaffordances with display of a dictation interface.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912 and/or a microphone unit) userinput representing speech, and, in response to receiving user inputrepresenting speech: transcribe (e.g., using transcribing unit 920) theuser input representing speech, and add (e.g., using content adding unit916) the transcribed speech as response information for the electronicconversation.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with keyboard, and, inresponse to receiving user input representing the touch associated withthe affordance associated with the keyboard, replace display (e.g.,using display replace enabling unit 918) of the second set of one ormore affordances with display of one or more keys of a keyboard.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured todetermine (e.g., using determining unit 914) whether the electronicconversation includes response information, and. in response todetermining that the electronic conversation includes responseinformation, display (e.g. using display enabling unit 910) anaffordance associated with sending the response information.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with sending the responseinformation, and, in response to receiving user input representing thetouch associated with the affordance associated with sending theresponse information, transmit (e.g., using transmitting unit 924) theresponse information.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with marking the electronicconversation as unread, and, in response to receiving user inputrepresenting the touch associated with the affordance associated withmarking the electronic conversation as unread, replace display (e.g.,using display replace enabling unit 918) of the first set of one or moreaffordances with display of the list of electronic conversation objects,including an unread indicator.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with opening the electronicconversation on a second device, and, in response to receiving userinput representing the touch associated with the affordance associatedwith opening the electronic conversation on a second device, cause(e.g., using causing unit 922) the electronic conversation to bedisplayed on a linked companion device.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing asubstantially downward swipe gesture associated with the list ofelectronic conversation objects, and in response to receiving user inputrepresenting the substantially downward swipe gesture associated withthe list of electronic conversation objects, display (e.g. using displayenabling unit 910) an affordance associated with composing a newelectronic message.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with composing a newelectronic message, and in response to receiving the user inputassociated with the affordance associated with composing a newelectronic message, display (e.g. using display enabling unit 910), onthe display unit 902, the interface for composing a new electronicmessage.

In some embodiments, the interface for composing the new electronicmessage comprises one or more of: an affordance associated with addingrecipient information to the new electronic message, and an affordanceassociated with adding response information to the new electronicmessage.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with adding recipientinformation to the new electronic message, and in response to receivinguser input representing the touch associated with the affordanceassociated with adding recipient information to the new electronicmessage, replace display (e.g., using display replace enabling unit 918)of the interface for composing the new electronic message with displayof a third set of one or more affordances associated with the newelectronic message.

In some embodiments, the third set of one or more affordances associatedwith the new electronic message includes one or more of: an affordanceassociated with recent contacts, an affordance associated withdictation, and an affordance associated with keyboard.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with recent contacts, and inresponse to receiving user input representing the touch associated withthe affordance associated with recent contacts, replace display (e.g.,using display replace enabling unit 918) of the third set of one or moreaffordances with display of one or more recent contact affordances.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with a recent contact affordance of the one or more recentcontact affordances, the recent contact affordance associated withcontact information, and, in response to receiving user inputrepresenting the touch associated with the recent contact affordance,add (e.g., using content adding unit 916) the contact information asrecipient information to the new electronic message.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with dictation, and inresponse to receiving user input representing the touch associated withthe affordance associated with dictation, replace display (e.g., usingdisplay replace enabling unit 918) of the third set of one or moreaffordances with display of a dictation interface.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912 and/or a microphone unit) userinput representing recipient speech, and in response to receiving userinput representing recipient speech: transcribe (e.g., usingtranscribing unit 920) the user input representing recipient speech, andadd (e.g., using content adding unit 916) the transcribed recipientspeech as recipient information to the new electronic message.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with keyboard, and in responseto receiving user input representing the touch associated with theaffordance associated with keyboard, replace display (e.g., usingdisplay replace enabling unit 918) of the third set of one or moreaffordances with display of one or more keys of a keyboard.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representingkeyboard input using the one or more keys of the keyboard, the userinput representing keyboard input associated with contact information,and, in response to receiving user input representing the keyboardinput, add (e.g., using content adding unit 916) the contact informationas recipient information to the new electronic message.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with adding responseinformation to the new electronic message, and, in response to receivinguser input representing the touch associated with the affordanceassociated with adding response information to the new electronicmessage, replace display (e.g., using display replace enabling unit 918)of the interface for composing the new electronic message with displayof a fourth set of one or more affordances associated with the newelectronic message.

In some embodiments, the fourth set of affordances associated with theelectronic message includes one or more of: an affordance associatedwith emoji response, an affordance associated with dictation, and anaffordance associated with keyboard.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with emoji response, and inresponse to receiving user input representing the touch associated withthe affordance associated with emoji response, replace display (e.g.,using display replace enabling unit 918) of the fourth set of one ormore affordances with display of an interactive graphical object.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with dictation, and inresponse to receiving user input representing the touch associated withthe affordance associated with dictation, replace display (e.g., usingdisplay replace enabling unit 918) of the fourth set of one or moreaffordances with display of a dictation interface.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912 and/or a microphone unit) userinput representing speech, and, in response to receiving user inputrepresenting speech: transcribe (e.g., using transcribing unit 920) theuser input representing speech, and add (e.g., using content adding unit916) the transcribed speech as response information for the newelectronic message.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with keyboard, and, inresponse to receiving user input representing the touch associated withthe affordance associated with the keyboard, replace display (e.g.,using display replace enabling unit 918) of the fourth set of one ormore affordances with display of one or more keys of a keyboard.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured todetermine (e.g., using determining unit 914) whether the new electronicmessage includes recipient information and response information, and, inresponse to determining that the new electronic message includesrecipient information and response information, display (e.g., usingdisplay enabling unit 910) an affordance associated with sending the newelectronic message.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 908 is further configured toreceive (e.g., using receiving unit 912) user input representing a touchassociated with the affordance associated with sending the newelectronic message, and, in response to receiving user inputrepresenting the touch associated with the affordance associated withsending the new electronic message, transmit (e.g., using transmittingunit 924) the electronic message.

The operations described above with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8 are,optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B or FIG. 9. For example, displaying operation 702, receiving operation 704, anddetermining operation 710 may be implemented by event sorter 170, eventrecognizer 180, and event handler 190. Event monitor 171 in event sorter170 detects a contact on touch-sensitive display 112, and eventdispatcher module 174 delivers the event information to application136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 of application 136-1 comparesthe event information to respective event definitions 186, anddetermines whether a first contact at a first location on thetouch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub event,such as activation of an affordance on a user interface. When arespective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer180 activates an event handler 190 associated with the detection of theevent or sub-event. Event handler 190 may utilize or call data updater176 or object updater 177 to update the application internal state 192.In some embodiments, event handler 190 accesses a respective GUI updater178 to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it wouldbe clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how otherprocesses can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS.1A-1B.

The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has beendescribed with reference to specific embodiments. However, theillustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or tolimit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modificationsand variations are possible in view of the above teachings. Theembodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain theprinciples of the techniques and their practical applications. Othersskilled in the art are thereby enabled to best utilize the techniquesand various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to theparticular use contemplated.

Although the disclosure and examples have been fully described withreference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that variouschanges and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in theart. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as beingincluded within the scope of the disclosure and examples as defined bythe claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An electronic device, comprising: a display; atouch-sensitive surface; one or more processors; a memory; and one ormore programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memoryand configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one ormore programs including instructions for: displaying, via the display, aplurality of electronic conversation objects, wherein the plurality ofelectronic conversation objects includes a first electronic conversationobject; detecting, via the touch-sensitive surface, a gesturecorresponding to the first electronic conversation object; and inresponse to detecting the gesture corresponding to the first electronicconversation object, replacing the first electronic conversation objectwith two or more affordances associated with the first electronicconversation object, wherein the two or more affordances include a firstaffordance associated with a first function and a second affordanceassociated with a second function.
 2. The electronic device of claim 1,wherein the gesture corresponding to the first electronic conversationobject includes a first input above a first threshold.
 3. The electronicdevice of claim 1, wherein the first function includes disablingnotifications associated with the first electronic conversation object.4. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first function includesenabling notifications associated with the first electronic conversationobject.
 5. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the one or moreprograms further include instructions for: detecting, via thetouch-sensitive surface, a second gesture corresponding to a secondelectronic conversation object of the plurality of electronicconversation objects; and in response to detecting the second gesture:in accordance with a determination that the second gesture correspondingto the second electronic conversation object includes a second inputabove a second threshold, replacing the second electronic conversationobject with two or more affordances associated with the secondelectronic conversation object, wherein the two or more affordancesassociated with the second electronic conversation object include athird affordance associated with a third function and a fourthaffordance associated with a fourth function; and in accordance with adetermination that the second gesture corresponding to the secondelectronic conversation object includes a second input below the secondthreshold, foregoing replacing the second electronic conversation objectwith the two or more affordances associated with the second electronicconversation object.
 6. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein theone or more programs further include instructions for: while the firstelectronic conversation object is replaced with the two or moreaffordances associated with the first electronic conversation object,detecting a third input; and in response to detecting the third input,replacing the two or more affordances associated with the firstelectronic conversation object with the first electronic conversationobject.
 7. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the one or moreprograms further include instructions for: while the first electronicconversation object is replaced with the two or more affordancesassociated with the first electronic conversation object, detecting afourth input directed to the second affordance associated with thesecond function; and in response to detecting the fourth input directedto the second affordance associated with the second function, replacingthe two or more affordances associated with a first user interface,wherein the first user interface includes a fifth affordance associatedwith the second function.
 8. A non-transitory computer-readable storagemedium storing one or more programs configured to be executed by one ormore processors of an electronic device with a display and atouch-sensitive surface, the one or more programs including instructionsfor: displaying, via the display, a plurality of electronic conversationobjects, wherein the plurality of electronic conversation objectsincludes a first electronic conversation object; detecting, via thetouch-sensitive surface, a gesture corresponding to the first electronicconversation object; and in response to detecting the gesturecorresponding to the first electronic conversation object, replacing thefirst electronic conversation object with two or more affordancesassociated with the first electronic conversation object, wherein thetwo or more affordances include a first affordance associated with afirst function and a second affordance associated with a secondfunction.
 9. A method, comprising: at an electronic device with adisplay and a touch-sensitive surface: displaying, via the display, aplurality of electronic conversation objects, wherein the plurality ofelectronic conversation objects includes a first electronic conversationobject; detecting, via the touch-sensitive surface, a gesturecorresponding to the first electronic conversation object; and inresponse to detecting the gesture corresponding to the first electronicconversation object, replacing the first electronic conversation objectwith two or more affordances associated with the first electronicconversation object, wherein the two or more affordances include a firstaffordance associated with a first function and a second affordanceassociated with a second function.